Question

1) what happen during clinicsl lstencyin HIV 's replication cycle in a hist cell

2)mechanism of action of any twi classes of anti-HIV drugs

3) list the route of entry for animal viruses into a host

Answer 1

1.When HIV infects a cell ,it first attaches to the cell and fuses with the host cell.HIV cells replication process is called reverse transcription .In this method the viral RNA is converted into DNA and the virus uses the host cells to replicate itself.After that the new copies of HIV then leave the host cell and move on to other cells.

2.Anti HIV drugs classification includes

A,Nuleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibbitors

B,Non Nucleoside Reverse Trranscriptase Inhibitors

C,Protease Inhibitors

D,Integrase Inhibitors

E,Chemokine receptor antagonist

Mechanism of action in Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is ,this inhibit the reverse transcription,ie,they block the HIV enzyme that causes HIV replication, by causing chain termination after they have been into viral DNA.In these classes of drugs they need to be phosphorylated intracellularly.

Mechanism of action of Protease inhibitor is that they inhibit the action of HIV -1 protease and blocking proteolytic cleavage of precursors that are necessary for the production of infectious viral particles.

3.Animal viruses may enter into a host by receptor mediated endocytosis ie,they absorb metabolites,hormones,protens and in some cases inward budding of the plasma membrane ,or by changing shape and entering the cell through the cell membrane.