Question

(Fluid):-

Density, Specific weight, Specific gravity, Salinity, Compressibility, Vapor pressure, and Surface tension:

Explain how these properties might explain the behavior of a fluid, or explain something you observe every day

please give one brief sentence for each.

Answer 1

Density:It is defined as mass per unit volume = m/V

For example: Oil and water

if you mix oil and water and keep it still for sometime ,oil will come on the top while water will settle down

Specific weight:It is weight(gravity force) per unit volume = w/V

It is similar to density in application

Specific gravity: It is ratio of density of substance to density of water

For Example: If Specific gravity >1 ; the the substance is less denser than water and floats over it

Salinity:The concentration of dissolved salt in a given volume of water is called salinity.

For example: If we consume a lot of salt,which increases salt concentration and hence we tend to loose more sweat due to typical semipermeable nature of our skin

Compressibility: It is a measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure (or mean stress) change.

For example: Air in a piston cylinder is compressible,while doesn't compress much with applied pressure or take an empty syringe and pull the pistion till the top and cover the opening(where needle is placed) and try to push the piston,which is possible to some extent but cannot be done with water

Vapour pressure:It is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in a closed system.

For example: water boils at 100 ⁰C in open atmosphere but in pressure cooker it boils at much higher temperature as the vapour pressure is more inside it

Surface tension:It is defined as force per unit length

For example: bubbles becomes spherical in shape to minimize surface tension,Small insects such as the water strider can walk on water because their weight is not enough to penetrate the surface.