Question

1. An asystole arrhythmia is treated with BLANK to cause vasoconstriction and increase the flow of blood to the heart and brain.

A beta-blockers

B.epinephrine

C.atropin.

2.

Rick Davis, a 50-year-old white man, was brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance. Davis was alert and coherent and was asked a series of questions. The patient said he had been outside playing basketball with his two sons when he felt “funny.” Elaborating, the patient said he became light-headed and short of breath. He also mentioned that he became nauseated and felt pressure in his chest. His sons panicked and called 911 for help.

Based on the signs and symptoms, the condition the physician states is likely to have occurred is

A.congestive heart disease

B.myocardial infarction

C.valvular heart disease

3.

Rick Davis, a 50-year-old white man, was brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance. Davis was alert and coherent and was asked a series of questions. The patient said he had been outside playing basketball with his two sons when he felt “funny.†Elaborating, the patient said he became light-headed and short of breath. He also mentioned that he became nauseated and felt pressure in his chest. His sons panicked and called 911 for help. Various tests are performed to determine whether the man had a heart attack. One way to find out for sure is a blood test that looks for certain enzymes that are released when a myocardial infarction has occurred. BLANK is one of those enzymes.

A.troponin

B.high-density lipoprotein

C.triglycerides

4.Coumadin belongs to the BLANK class.

A.beta blockers

B.thrombolytics

C.blood thinners

5.An 81-year-old woman named Phyllis has gone to her primary care physician for a regular checkup. Before her appointment was over, the physician reviewed her current medications with her and asked if she had any questions about them.

Phyllis asked the doctor why she is taking Inderal.

a. To thin the blood to prevent blood clots

b. To help break up a blood clot

c. To treat high blood pressure

6.

An 81-year-old woman named Phyllis has gone to her primary care physician for a regular checkup. Before her appointment was over, the physician reviewed her current medications with her and asked if she had any questions about them. Phyllis then asked which of her drugs is a cholesterol medicine (statin)?

a. Crestor

b. Nitroglycerin

c. Lopressor

7.

A 68-year-old woman arrives at her physician's office with the following signs and symptoms:

• Pale coloration of the right leg
• Muscle cramps and pain in the right leg
• Intermittent claudication
• The right foot has a cooler temperature to the touch when compared to other limbs
• Poor nail growth on the right foot

To help determine if the patient has peripheral artery disease, an angiography can be performed.

a. True b. False

8.

A 68-year-old woman arrives at her physician's office with the following signs and symptoms:Pale coloration of the right legMuscle cramps and pain in the right legIntermittent claudicationThe right foot has a cooler temperature to the touch when compared to other limbsPoor nail growth on the right foot After the completion of various diagnostic tests, the physician was confident in her diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. Now the patient can be treated appropriately.Which of the following drugs can be given for a vasodilator effect that both improves circulation and decreases platelets from sticking together?

a. Plavix

b. Niacor

c. Activase

d. Pletal

9.

Which group of drugs can be used for patients with PAD to help decrease their cholesterol?

a. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

b. Statins

c. Calcium channel blockers

d. Beta blockers

Answer 1

Answer 1- option - B, Epinephrine is the drug we are using here for asystole. Epinephrine is a cathecolamine and have a agonist effect on heart and blood vessels and is a cardiac stimulant increases heart rate by acting through beta receptors and also causes vasoconstriction of blood vessel by acting on alpha receptors. Asystole is a condition where heart is completely stopped and ECG or EKG shows flat lines, drug of choice for asystole is atropine which is a anticholinergic class of drug.

Answer 2 - Option B, it is Myocardial infarction (MI). It is a condition of heart where due to stoppage of blood supply to cardiac tissue, they die and result in clinical manifestation characterised by chest pain (angina) or tightness of chest, nausea, vomiting, cold sweat, palpitations, dyspnoea or breathlessness etc. On examination patient is anxious and have a fear of death, ECG show S-T segment elevation in territory of MI.

Immediately we treat patient with aspirin, clopidogrel, statin, oxygen, morphine and diazepam. Then we go for angiography and then percutaneous coronary artery intervention.

Answer 3- Option - A, troponin are the enzymes which are raised in myocardial infarction, troponin is a enzyme found in dimeric form and have 3 isomers which are found in skeletal muscles, heart muscle, and brain.

Cardiac troponin (Troponin - I & Troponin - T) are the specific marker for myocardial infarction.

First enzyme to rise in MI is myoglobin, followed by creatinine phopshokinase then comes the troponins.

Answer 4 - Option - C, coumarins are the blood thinner, classic example is Warfarin, these drugs are used in conditions where there is hypercoagulablity of blood or there is clot present or stasis of blood. Coumarins acts by inhibiting the enzyme vitamin - k epoxide reductase, which is responsible for carboxylation of factor 2, 7, 9 and 10 requires for clotting of blood and thus it helps in thinning of blood.