In: Mechanical Engineering
3. Determine the effective spring constant of the following sandwiches of materials under compressive load (determine the material spring constant only). The material sandwiches are being held in place by a ½-13 UNC bolt, nut, and flat washers on both sides. The first and third materials listed in each sandwich are 0.4” thick and the middle material is 0.04” thick, together making a 0.84” thick sandwich
a. Aluminum, copper-asbestos, steel
b. Steel, copper, steel
c. Steel, rubber, steel
d. Steel, rubber, aluminum
e. Steel, aluminum, steel