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Critically appraise the following cross-sectional study given in the link below:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5989365/

Discuss the strength and limitations of the study in a brief manner with a maximum length of two pages

1. Give a 90% confidence interval, for μ1−μ2μ1-μ2 given the following information.

n1=45, ¯x1=2.97, s1=0.88
n2=20, ¯x2=3.44, s2=0.83

........ ± ........ Rounded to 2 decimal places.

2. A travel magazine conducts an annual survey where readers rate their favorite cruise ship. Ships are rated on a 10 point scale, with higher values indicating better service. A sample of 30 ships that carry fewer than 500 passengers resulted in an average rating of 8.97 with standard deviation of 0.98. A sample of 35 ships that carry more than 500 passengers resulted in an average rating of 9.13 with a standard deviation of 0.6.

Give a 95% confidence interval of the difference between the population mean ratings for smaller ships and the population mean ratings for larger ships. (Note, the order of subtraction matters...look at the wording carefully.)

...................... ±................... Rounded to 2 decimal places.

Derive the formula for a (1-α) level confidence interval for the Mean response E(Y|X=x*) using the simple linear regression model, where x* is a specified value for X.   

To what degree does the age profile of Hillsboro County resemble the overall age profile demographic of the United States? Which towns in the county are the oldest and the youngest? (The overall age profile demographic in the United States is 37.9 years.

Determine whether the following should be classified as simple random, systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster sampling.

   ?    SimpleRandom    Systematic    Convenience    Stratified    Cluster      1. Every student in two different 8:00 classes on Tech's campus is selected to complete a survey

   ?    SimpleRandom    Systematic    Convenience    Stratified    Cluster      2. 50 people from each parish in Louisiana are asked political questions

   ?    SimpleRandom    Systematic    Convenience    Stratified    Cluster      3. Students are assigned numbers and a random-number generator selects students to participate in a survey

   ?    SimpleRandom    Systematic    Convenience    Stratified    Cluster      4. A researcher goes to the library to collect some published data

Suppose you currently have a portfolio of three stocks, A, B, and C. You own 500 shares of A, 300 of B, and 1000 of C. The current share prices are $42.76, $81.33, and $58.22, respectively. You plan to hold this portfolio for at least a year. During the coming year, economists have predicted that the national economy will be awful, stable, or great with probabilities 0.2, 0.5, and 0.3, respectively. Given the state of the economy, the returns (one-year percentage changes) of the three stocks are independent and normally distributed. However, the means and standard deviations of these returns depend on the state of the economy, as indicated in the table below.

a. Use @RISK to simulate the value of the portfolio and the portfolio return in the next year.

Round your portfolio value answer to a whole number, and, if necessary, round your portfolio return answer to three decimal digits.

How likely is it that you will have a negative return? How likely is it that you will have a return of at least 25%? If necessary, round your answers to three decimal digits.

b. Suppose you had a crystal ball where you could predict the state of the economy with certainty. The stock returns would still be uncertain, but you would know whether your means and standard deviations come from row 6, 7, or 8 of the file P16_20.xlsx. If you learn, with certainty, that the economy is going to be great in the next year, run the appropriate simulation to answer the same questions as in part a.

Repeat this if you learn that the economy is going to be awful.

what is t critical value,for onetailed and two tailed with explanation

for n=49, and 0.05 significance level

Suppose that GLC earns a $2000 profit each time a person buys a car. We want to determine how the expected profit earned from a customer depends on the quality of GLC's cars. We assume a typical customer will purchase 10 cars during her lifetime. She will purchase a car now (year 1) and then purchase a car every five years—during year 6, year 11, and so on. For simplicity, we assume that Hundo is GLC's only competitor. We also assume that if the consumer is satisfied with the car she purchases, she will buy her next car from the same company, but if she is not satisfied, she will buy her next car from the other company. Hundo produces cars that satisfy 80% of its customers. Currently, GLC produces cars that also satisfy 80% of its customers. Consider a customer whose first car is a GLC car. If profits are discounted at 10% annually, use simulation to estimate the value of this customer to GLC. Round your answers to one decimal digit.
$

Also estimate the value of a customer to GLC if it can raise its customer satisfaction rating to 85%, to 90%, or to 95%. You can interpret the satisfaction value as the probability that a customer will not switch companies.

The distribution of total body protein in healthy adult men is approximately Normal with mean 12.3 kg and standard deviation 0.1 kg. Reference: Ref 13-9 If you take a random sample of 25 healthy adult men, what is the probability that their average total body protein is between 12.25 and 12.35 kg? Select one: a. 0.9876 b. 0.3829 c. 0.0796 d. 0.0062

A statistical program is recommended.

Data showing the values of several pitching statistics for a random sample of 20 pitchers from the American League of Major League Baseball is provided.

An estimated regression equation was developed to predict the average number of runs given up per inning pitched (R/IP) given the average number of strikeouts per inning pitched (SO/IP) and the average number of home runs per inning pitched (HR/IP).

(a)

Use the F test to determine the overall significance of the relationship.

State the null and alternative hypotheses.

H₀: β₀ ≠ 0
H_a: β₀ = 0H₀: β₀ = 0
H_a: β₀ ≠ 0     H₀: One or more of the parameters is not equal to zero.
H_a: β₁ = β₂ = 0H₀: β₁ = β₂ = 0
H_a: One or more of the parameters is not equal to zero.H₀: β₁ = β₂ = 0
H_a: All the parameters are not equal to zero.

Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Calculate the p-value. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

p-value =

What is your conclusion at the 0.05 level of significance?

Do not reject H₀. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant overall relationship.Do not reject H₀. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant overall relationship.     Reject H₀. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant overall relationship.Reject H₀. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant overall relationship.

(b)

Use the t test to determine the significance of SO/IP.

State the null and alternative hypotheses.

H₀: β₁ ≥ 0
H_a: β₁ < 0H₀: β₁ ≤ 0
H_a: β₁ > 0     H₀: β₁ = 0
H_a: β₁ ≠ 0H₀: β₁ = 0
H_a: β₁ > 0H₀: β₁ ≠ 0
H_a: β₁ = 0

Find the value of the test statistic for β₁. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Find the p-value for β₁. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

p-value =

What is your conclusion at the 0.05 level of significance?

Do not reject H₀. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that SO/IP is a significant factor.Do not reject H₀. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that SO/IP is a significant factor.     Reject H₀. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that SO/IP is a significant factor.Reject H₀. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that SO/IP is a significant factor.

Use the t test to determine the significance of HR/IP.

State the null and alternative hypotheses.

H₀: β₂ ≥ 0
H_a: β₂ < 0H₀: β₂ ≠ 0
H_a: β₂ = 0     H₀: β₂ = 0
H_a: β₂ ≠ 0H₀: β₂ ≤ 0
H_a: β₂ > 0H₀: β₂ = 0
H_a: β₂ > 0

Find the value of the test statistic for β₂. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Find the p-value for β₂. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

p-value =

What is your conclusion at the 0.05 level of significance?

Reject H₀. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that HR/IP is a significant factor.Do not reject H₀. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that HR/IP is a significant factor.     Do not reject H₀. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that HR/IP is a significant factor.Reject H₀. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that HR/IP is a significant factor.

Along with interest rates, life expectancy is a component in pricing financial annuities. Suppose that you know that last year life expectancy was 77 years for your annuity holders. Now you want to know if your clients this year have a longer life expectancy, on average, so you randomly sample n=20 of recently deceased annuity holders to see actual age at death. Using a 5% level of significance, test whether or not the new data shows evidence of your annuity holders now live longer than 77 years.

Here are the sample data (in years of life): 86 75 83 84 81 77 78 79 79 81 76 85 70 76 79 81 73 74 72 83

a) Does this sample indicate that life expectancy has increased? Test an appropriate hypothesis and state your conclusion (use a 5% level of significance).

b) For more accurate cost determination, suppose you want to estimate the life expectancy to within one year with 95% confidence. How many randomly selected records would you now need to sample?

1. Use the z-score to determine which call centers, if any, should be considered outliers in each of the four variables. If there are any outliers in any category, please list them and state for which category they are an outlier.
2. Compute the sample correlation coefficient, showing the relationship between Satisfaction Level and each of the other three variables (Shift A Average Call time, Shift B Average Call Time, Average Number of Employees). Explain what the correlation coefficients tell us about the three pairs of relationships. Use tables, charts, or graphs to support your conclusions.

In a survey of 615 males ages​ 18-64, 390 say they have gone to the dentist in the past year.

Construct​ 90% and​ 95% confidence intervals for the population proportion. Interpret the results and compare the widths of the confidence intervals. If​ convenient, use technology to construct the confidence intervals.

How much do wild mountain lions weigh? Adult wild mountain lions (18 months or older) captured and released for the first time in the San Andres Mountains gave the following weights (pounds):

Assume that the population of x values has an approximately normal distribution.

(a) Use a calculator with mean and sample standard deviation keys to find the sample mean weight x and sample standard deviation s. (Round your answers to one decimal place.)

(b) Find a 75% confidence interval for the population average weight μ of all adult mountain lions in the specified region. (Round your answers to one decimal place.)

Problem 1. An “antique” table is for sale in a sealed bid auction. It will go to the high bidder at the price the high bidder bids. You don’t know if it is a fake or not, but you do know that 20% of all antiques that look like this one are fakes. You are not able to have an appraiser examine it. If it is a fake, you will know this after you buy it and it will be worthless to you. If it is real, it will be worth $1,000 to you.

You know that the only other possible bidder is an expert antique dealer has also looked at this table and you know that this dealer can always tell a fake from a real antique. You know that if the antique dealer finds that it is a fake, she will bid zero for it. If she finds that it is real, she will bid $500 for it if she has a similar table in stock, and will $800 for it if she has another table like it in stock. Suppose that you believe that it is equally likely that the dealer has another table like it in stock.

A) What do you believe is the probability that the antique dealer will bid $500 for the table? What do you believe is the probability that she will bid $800 for the table?

B) If you bid $300 for the table and you are the high bidder, what is your probability that the table is a genuine antique? What is your expected profit (or loss) if you bid $300?

C) If you bid $501 for the table, what is the probability that you will be the high bidder. What is the probability that the table is genuine if you bid $501 and are the high bidder? What is your expected profit (or loss) if you bid $501?

D) If you bid $801 for the table, what is the probability that you will be the high bidder? What is your expected value for the table if you are the high bidder? What is your expected profit (or loss) if you bid $801?

E) Suppose you could choose to bid any amount between 0 and $1000 for the table. What bid would maximize your expected payoff? Explain your answer.