Suppose 88% of all batteries from a supplier have acceptable voltages. A certain type of flashlight requires two type-D batteries, and the flashlight will work only if both its batteries have acceptable voltages. Treat all batteries and flashlights as independent of each other.

(a) In 20 randomly selected batteries, what is the probability that 19 or 20 have acceptable voltages?

(b) Suppose 20 randomly selected batteries are placed into 10 flashlights. What is the probability that at least 9 of the flashlights function properly? Hint: Determine the probability that a single flashlight functions, then use that to find the desired probability.

(c) You probabilities in parts a and b should differ slightly. Why do you think this is?

How can you assess the reliability and validity of qualitative research?

How does narrative analysis differ from content analysis?

Q 7:

Determine whether the following value is a continuous random variable, discrete random variable, or not a random variable.

a. The height of a randomly selected person

b. The hair color of adults in the United States

c. The number of free-throw attempts before the first shot is missed

d. the weight of a hamburger

e. The number of pigeons in a country

f. The exact time it takes to evaluate 67 + 29

Suppose a health psychologist conducted a weight loss program for middle aged adults and obtained the data presented in the table below. Use ANOVA to determine whether there is a difference in the three weight loss methods and whether the differences are statistically significant at the .05 level.


The Zone Weight Watchers Acupuncture
21 67 78
54 62 50
26 57 55
21 68 62
28 58 56
57 70 77
52 58 71
37 59 53
26 68 79
47 50 69

Please include step by step how to use spss ANOVA program and answer to the question

1) Overproduction of uric acid in the body can be an indication of cell breakdown. This may be an advance indication of illness such as gout, leukemia, or lymphoma.† Over a period of months, an adult male patient has taken eight blood tests for uric acid. The mean concentration was x = 5.35 mg/dl. The distribution of uric acid in healthy adult males can be assumed to be normal, with σ = 1.93 mg/dl.

(a) Find a 95% confidence interval for the population mean concentration of uric acid in this patient's blood. What is the margin of error? (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

(d) Find the sample size necessary for a 95% confidence level with maximal margin of error E = 1.06 for the mean concentration of uric acid in this patient's blood. (Round your answer up to the nearest whole number.)

2) Allen's hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin) has been studied by zoologist Bill Alther.† Suppose a small group of 10 Allen's hummingbirds has been under study in Arizona. The average weight for these birds is x = 3.15 grams. Based on previous studies, we can assume that the weights of Allen's hummingbirds have a normal distribution, with σ = 0.34 gram.

(a) Find an 80% confidence interval for the average weights of Allen's hummingbirds in the study region. What is the margin of error? (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

(d) Find the sample size necessary for an 80% confidence level with a maximal margin of error E = 0.08 for the mean weights of the hummingbirds. (Round up to the nearest whole number.)

3) How hot is the air in the top (crown) of a hot air balloon? Information from Ballooning: The Complete Guide to Riding the Winds, by Wirth and Young (Random House), claims that the air in the crown should be an average of 100°C for a balloon to be in a state of equilibrium. However, the temperature does not need to be exactly 100°C. What is a reasonable and safe range of temperatures? This range may vary with the size and (decorative) shape of the balloon. All balloons have a temperature gauge in the crown. Suppose that 52 readings (for a balloon in equilibrium) gave a mean temperature of x = 97°C. For this balloon, σ ≈18°C.

(a) Compute a 95% confidence interval for the average temperature at which this balloon will be in a steady-state equilibrium. (Round your answers to one decimal place.)

Reviewing the Three Causal Criteria

1. Why can’t a simple bivariate correlational study meet all three criteria for establishing causation?

Establishing Temporal Precedence with Longitudinal Designs

1. Why is a longitudinal design considered a multivariate design?

2. What are the three kinds of correlations obtained from a longitudinal design? What does each correlation represent?

3. Describe which patterns of temporal precedence are indicated by different cross-lag correlational results.

Ruling Out Third Variables with Multiple-Regression Analyses

1. Describe what it means to say that some variable “was controlled for” in a multivariate study.

2. How many criterion variables are there in a multiple-regression analysis? How many predictor variables?

3. What does a significant beta mean? What does a nonsignificant beta mean?

4. Give at least two phrases indicating that a study used a multiple-regression analysis.

5. What are two reasons that multiple-regression analyses cannot completely establish causation?

Getting at Causality with Pattern and Parsimony

1. Why do many researchers find pattern and parsimony an effective way to support a causal claim?

2. What is a responsible way for journalists to cover single studies on a specific topic?

Mediation

1. Explain why each of the five steps examining a mediation hypothesis is important to establishing evidence for a mediator.

2. Think of a possible mediator for the relationship between exposure to sex on TV and chance of pregnancy. Sketch a diagram of the mediator you propose, following Figure 9.11. (It is ok to just describe your sketch)

Multivariate Designs and the Four Validities

1. Give an example of a question you would ask to interrogate each of the four

validities for a multivariate study.

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Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication B is more effective than the standard medication A and undertakes a comparison to determine if medication B produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 30-minute time window. 20 out of a random sample of 200 adults given medication A still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. 12 out of another random sample of 200 adults given medication B still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. The hypothesis test is to be carried out at a 1% level of significance.

1. State the null and alternative hypotheses in words and in statistical symbols.
2. What statistical test is appropriate to use? Explain the rationale for your answer.
3. Would the test be right-tailed, left-tailed or two-tailed? Explain the rationale for your answer.
4. Describe an outcome that would result in a Type I error. Explain the rationale for your answer.
5. Describe an outcome that would result in a Type II error. Explain the rationale for your answer.

he average sales per store of ABC Inc.’s best-selling product in a supermarket chain last year was $15,000. A random sample of 80 stores selected from the chain shows that this year the average sales per store is $14,300 with a sample standard deviation of $8,000. We wish to determine if the average sales per store this year is less than $15,000.

1.   State the null and alternative hypotheses to be tested. (2 Points)

2.   Compute the test statistic. (2 Points)

3.   Determine the critical value for this test at the 0.05 level of significance. (2 Points)

4.   What do you conclude at the 0.05 level of significance? (2 Points)

5.   Construct a 95% confidence interval for the average sales per store this year. (2 Points)

USA Today reported that approximately 25% of all state prison inmates released on parole become repeat offenders while on parole. Suppose the parole board is examining five prisoners up for parole. Let x = number of prisoners out of five on parole who become repeat offenders.
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 P(x) 0.216 0.360 0.226 0.162 0.035 0.001
(a) Find the probability that one or more of the five parolees will be repeat offenders. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) How does this number relate to the probability that none of the parolees will be repeat offenders? These probabilities are the same. This is twice the probability of no repeat offenders. This is five times the probability of no repeat offenders. This is the complement of the probability of no repeat offenders. These probabilities are not related to each other. Correct: Your answer is correct.
(b) Find the probability that two or more of the five parolees will be repeat offenders. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(c) Find the probability that four or more of the five parolees will be repeat offenders. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(d) Compute μ, the expected number of repeat offenders out of five. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) μ = prisoners
(e) Compute σ, the standard deviation of the number of repeat offenders out of five. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) σ = prisoners

A certain weightlifter is prone to back injury. He finds that he has a 20% chance of hurting his back if he uses the proper form of bending at the hips and keeping his spine locked. The probability that he will hurt his back with bad form is 95%. The probability that he uses proper form is 75%.

A. What is the probability that he hurts his back and has proper form?

B. What is the probability that he doesn't hurt his back and has proper form?

C. What is the probability he doesn't hurt his back?

please no cursive

Lesson Twelve you've seen how to use F-Tests and Analysis of Variance to answer research questions relevant to those statistical analysis procedures. Respond to the following to demonstrate your grasp of these.

• Describe a scenario where a researcher could use an F-test for the equality of two variances to answer a research question. Fully describe the scenario and the variables involved and explain the rationale for your answer. Why is that test appropriate to use?

• Describe a scenario where a researcher could use a One-Way ANOVA to answer a research question. Fully describe the scenario and the variables involved and explain the rationale for your answer. Why is that test appropriate to use?

• Describe a scenario where a researcher could use a Two-Way ANOVA to answer a research question. Fully describe the scenario and the variables involved and explain the rationale for your answer. Why is that test appropriate to use?

• ANOVA is based on an F-ratio that is calculated as the ratio of two variance estimates, the variance between groups and the variance within groups, but enables conclusions to be made about the means of the samples involved. What is the logic of that? I.e., explain the rationale that supports the use of variance estimates.

• Describe the issue that would arise if you were to run a series of t-tests to compare differences between four means. Why is it preferable to use ANOVA instead?

[Investment Planning] Temoc is a high tech company that has recently gone public, and trades using the symbol TEMO. Comet is a rival high tech company that has also recently gone public, and trades using the symbol COME. Currently, the price of one share of each company is $10. Based on extensive market research and financial analysis, you have forecast that the price of one share of TEMO one year from now can be modeled as a normal distribution, with mean $12 and standard deviation $3. To put this formally, let ???? (1) represents the price of one share of TEMO one year from now. Then, ???? (1) ~ N(12, 3). Similarly, you have forecast that ???? (1) ~ ?(12, 4). Also, assume that the two stocks are independent of each other.

Investor B’s portfolio consists of 300 shares of TEMO and 400 shares of COME. What is the probability that Investor B’s portfolio is worth more than $8,000 one year from now? (a) 0.414 (b) 0.436 (c) 0.564 (d) 0.586

Derive the E(MS_treatment) for One-Way ANOVA.

A recent article in Bloomberg Businessweek listed the “Best Small Companies.” We are interested in the current results of the companies’ sales and earnings. A random sample of 12 companies was selected and the sales and earnings, in millions of dollars, are reported below.

a. Draw a scatter diagram