In the year 2000, the average car had a fuel economy of 24.6 MPG. You are curious as to whether the average in the present day is greater than the historical value. The hypotheses for this scenario are as follows: Null Hypothesis: μ ≤ 24.6, Alternative Hypothesis: μ > 24.6. If the true average fuel economy today is 39.2 MPG and the null hypothesis is rejected, did a type I, type II, or no error occur?

Question 16 options:

As of 2012, the proportion of students who use a MacBook as their primary computer is 0.46. You believe that at your university the proportion is actually less than 0.46. The hypotheses for this scenario are Null Hypothesis: p ≥ 0.46, Alternative Hypothesis: p < 0.46. You conduct a random sample and run a hypothesis test yielding a p-value of 0.2017. What is the appropriate conclusion? Conclude at the 5% level of significance.

Question 15 options:

Does the amount of hazardous material absorbed by the bodies of hazardous waste workers depend on gender? The level of lead in the blood was determined for a sample of men and a sample of women who dispose of hazardous waste as a full time job. You want to test the hypotheses that the amount absorbed by men is greater than the amount absorbed by women. After performing a hypothesis test for two independent samples, you see a p-value of 0.3307. Of the following, which is the appropriate conclusion?

Question 14 options:

Suppose the national average dollar amount for an automobile insurance claim is $745.252. You work for an agency in Michigan and you are interested in whether or not the state average is greater than the national average. The hypotheses for this scenario are as follows: Null Hypothesis: μ ≤ 745.252, Alternative Hypothesis: μ > 745.252. A random sample of 100 claims shows an average amount of $757.836 with a standard deviation of $86.2777. What is the test statistic and p-value for this test?

Question 13 options:

5. Flu Vaccine: The Center for Disease Control (CDC) claims that the flu vaccine is effective in reducing the probability of getting the flu. They conduct a trial on 2000 people. The results are summarized in the contingency table below. Observed Frequencies: Oi's Got No Vaccine Vaccine Totals Got Flu 21 18 39 No Flu 1379 582 1961 Totals 1400 600 2000 The Test: Test for a dependent relationship between getting the vaccine and getting the flu. Conduct this test at the 0.01 significance level. (a) What is the null hypothesis for this test? H0: Getting the flu vaccine and getting the flu are independent variables. H0: Getting the flu vaccine helps prevent the flu. H0: Getting the flu vaccine and getting the flu are dependent variables. (b) What is the value of the test statistic? Round to 3 decimal places unless your software automatically rounds to 2 decimal places. χ2 = (c) Use software to get the P-value of the test statistic. Round to 4 decimal places unless your software automatically rounds to 3 decimal places. P-value = (d) What is the conclusion regarding the null hypothesis? reject H0 fail to reject H0 (e) Choose the appropriate concluding statement. We have proven that getting the flu vaccine prevents the flu. The evidence suggests that getting the flu vaccine and getting the flu are dependent variables. There is not enough evidence to conclude that getting the flu vaccine and getting the flu are dependent variables.

3. Suppose the makers of M&M candies give the following average percentages for the mix of colors in their bags of plain chocolate M&M's. Stated Distribution of Colors Brown Yellow Red Orange Green Blue Percent 30% 20% 20% 10% 10% 10% Now, you randomly select 200 M&M's and get the counts given in the table below. You expected about 20 blues but only got 10. You suspect that the maker's claim is not true. Observed Counts by Color (n = 200) Brown Yellow Red Orange Green Blue Count 66 35 44 22 23 10 The Test: Test whether or not the color of M&M's candies fits the distribution stated by the makers (Mars Company). Conduct this test at the 0.05 significance level. (a) What is the null hypothesis for this test in terms of the probabilities of the outcomes? H0: pbrown = pyellow = pred = porange = pgreen = pblue = 1/6 H0: At least one of the probabilities doesn't fit the company's statement. H0: pbrown = 0.30, pyellow = 0.20, pred = 0.20, porange = 0.10, pgreen = 0.10, and pblue = 0.10. H0: The probabilities are not all equal to 1/6. (b) What is the value of the test statistic? Round to 3 decimal places unless your software automatically rounds to 2 decimal places. χ2 = (c) Use software to get the P-value of the test statistic. Round to 4 decimal places unless your software automatically rounds to 3 decimal places. P-value = (d) What is the conclusion regarding the null hypothesis? reject H0 fail to reject H0 (e) Choose the appropriate concluding statement. We have proven that the distribution of candy colors fits the maker's claim. The data suggests that the distribution of candy colors does not fit the maker's claim. There is not enough data to suggest that the distribution of candy colors is different from what the makers claim.

Suppose we are interested in the proportion of nursing majors at a university, and we take a random sample of 150 students to estimate the percent of students in our class who are nursing majors.

• What is the population?
• What is the sample?
• What is the variable?
• Is the variable qualitative or quantitative?

Many teens have posted profiles on a social-networking website. A sample survey in 2007 asked a random sample of teens with online profiles if they included false information in their profiles. Of 170 younger teens (aged 12 to 14), 113 said "yes." Of 317 older teens (aged 15 to 17), 150 said "yes."

(a) Do these samples satisfy the guidelines for the large-sample confidence interval?

A.) No, because the sample sizes differ too much.

B.) Yes, because the samples are larger than 40.

C.) Yes, because the sample size is more than 5 in each group.

D.) Yes, because the numbers of successes and failures are more than 10 in both samples.

(part b) Give a 95% large sample confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of younger and older teens who include false information in their online profiles. (Use P younger − P older. Round your answers to four decimal places.)

_____ to _____ FILL IN THE BLANKS

For this assignment, you are taking on the role of a manager of a hospital-based orthopaedic surgery clinic who has decided to discontinue providing publicly funded physiotherapy services on-site. Effective immediately any patient needing the services of a physiotherapist will be referred to one of the private clinics in town. These clinics do not have public health coverage, but they are covered under most private insurance plans and accept cash or credit for uninsured persons. This decision will force you to lay off 2 therapists that have been on staff for several years, but it will save the clinic $180,000 out of the annual $2,700,000 budget. Draft a one-page communication briefing to patients informing them of the coming changes. Draft a one-page communication briefing to staff informing them of the coming changes. Draft a one-page communication briefing to senior management informing them of the coming changes. Note that each stakeholder has a very different perspective on this decision. Your communication will need to be concise, clear and respectful as well as address any concerns each stakeholder might have.

Don't use the p value method instead use the "5 steps of hypothesis testing." Or I will get all of these wrong and I really need the help!!

9) An agent claims there is no difference between the pay of safeties and linebackers in the NFL. A survey of 15 randomly selected safeties found an average salary of $510,580. The standard deviation for the sample was $18,000. A survey of 15 randomly selected linebackers found an average salary of $527,360 with a standard deviation for this sample of $17,500. At α (alpha) = 0.05 is the agent's claim correct?

Chauncey Billups, a current shooting guard for the Los Angeles Clippers, has a career free-throw percentage of 75.3%. Suppose he shoots seven free throws in tonight's game. What is the standard deviation of the number of free throws that Billups will make?

5. A new process will be testing for electroplating nickel. The current process is tested on thirty slugs, and the mean thickness of the nickel is 0.0020 m with a sample standard deviation of 0.0005 m. The new process is also tested on thirty slugs remaining a sample mean of 0.0022 m and a sample standard deviation of 0.0003 m. Assume equal variances.

   (a) Does the new process result in a greater thickness of nickel? Use α = 0.05. (b) Determine the 99% confidence interval for the difference in the means.

2. Salt-free diets are often prescribed to people with high blood pressure. The following data values were obtained from an experiment designed to estimate the reduction in diastolic blood pres- sure as a result of consuming a salt-free diet for 2 weeks. Assume diastolic readings to be normally distributed.

   (a) Calculate a 90% confidence interval for the mean reduction.
   (b) Is there evidence that diastolic blood pressure is reduced by having salt-free diets, use α = 0.05.

Patients A. B. C.    D. E. F. G. H

Before. 93.   106 87 92 102 95 88 110

After. 92. 102 89 92 101 96 88 105

When producing a special bulletproof glass, dots (defects) may occur in the glass. The average number of dots per square centimeter is 0.2 The number of dots per unit area is poisson distributed.

please show calculations

tasks:

a) Determine the expected number of dots per square centimeter.  Round your answer to 2 decimal places.

b) Determine the standard deviation of the number of dots per square centimeter. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.

c) What is the probability that there is a maximum of 1 dot (s) per square centimeter? Round your answer to 4 decimal places

d) What is the probability that there are exactly 2 dot (s) if there is at least 1 dot (s) on one square centimeter? Round your answer to 4 decimal places

e) What is the probability that there are a maximum of 4 dot (s) on 10 square centimeters?  Round your answer to 4 decimal places

f)  What is the probability that there are exactly 7 dots if there are at least 4 dots (10 square centimeters)?  Round your answer to 4 decimal places

For the following situations, indicate the statistical test you would conduct and WHY (that is, explain the variables)!

choose between paired sample t test, one way anova test, 2 sample t test.

A researcher is interested in how consumers make purchase decisions for a specific type of product. He develops a survey where, among other things, he asks to what extent price matters to people (on a Likert scale from 1 to 5) and to what extent quality matters to people (on a Likert scale from 1 to 5) when they try to decide which brand to buy.

Respondents in a survey of 1,000 households were asked about their travel history. Specifically, they were asked how often they have been to Europe in the past five years (using a ratio scale). People were also classified by interest type (art-lovers, food-lovers, or sports-lovers). The question is whether interest type influences travel history.

A restaurant is working on a new strategy to get consumers to eat healthier. They decide to run an experiment. As part of the experiment, the restaurant varies the presentation format of their menu. One week, they present their menu in picture format (that is, patrons see the picture of a dish and the name). The other week, they present their menu in text format (that is, patrons see a text description of a dish and the name). The restaurant is measuring how much money customers spent (using a ratio scale) on a healthy meal each week.

1. (15 pts) Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured for two groups of subjects after five minutes of bicycle exercise. The normoxia (“normal oxygen”) group was provided normal air to breathe whereas the hypoxia group was provided with a gas mixture with reduced oxygen, to simulate high altitude. The results (ml/min/g) are shown in the table. Use a t test to investigate the effect of hypoxia on MBF. Use α = 0.05.

NORMOXIA HYPOXIA

3.45. 6.37

3.09. 5.69

3.09. 5.58

2.65 5.27

2.49 5.11

2.33 4.88

2.28 4.68

2.24 3.50

2.17

1.34

In a certain region, 24% of people over age 50 didn't graduate from high school. We would like to know if this percentage is the same among the 25-30 year age group. Use critical values to exactly 3 decimal places.

(a) How many 25-30 year old people should be surveyed in order to estimate the proportion of non-grads to within 6% with 99% confidence?

(b) Suppose we wanted to cut the margin of error to 2%. How many people should be sampled now?  

(c) What sample size is required for a margin of error of 3%?  

Estimating a Mean: Consider the frequency distribution for 22 test scores (it was a difficult exam).

(a) The class midpoint for the first class is  .

(b) The class midpoint for the second class is  .

(c) Use the frequency table to estimate the mean score. Round your answer to 1 decimal place.

x =