Describe at least 3 basic defenses operating to prevent lower respiratory system infections

Expert Solution

Three basic defence mechanism that prevents lower respiratory system infections are:-

1. MUCUS- It forms a thin layer of fluid around the cavity of the airway. This prevents any foreign substance, pathogen or chemical to enter into the lung. It Is usually sticky in nature and is produced by mucous glands.

2. CILIA- These are thin hair-like structures present all over the respiratory tracts. Their function is to trap any dust or foreign particle and prevents it from entering into the lungs. Thereby, preventing the infection.

3. Macrophages- They are mostly present in the lower respiratory tract. They play a key role in the innate response to infection but may also modulate excessive inflammation. These are also known as alveolar macrophages. These are the primary phagocytes of the innate immune system. They also clear the air spaces of infectious, toxic or allergic particles that have evaded the mechanical defences of the respiratory tract.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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