Question

Please match term with description. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.

a. impedance matching

b. area ratio

c. lever ratio

d. buckling function

e. localization

1. _____ This is a function of the pinna.

2. _____ This provides a gain of approximately 2 dB.

3. _____ This provides a gain of approximately 25 dB.

4. _____ This is a function of only the tympanic membrane.

5. _____ This is a function of the relationship between the tympanic membrane and the

oval window.

6. _____ This is a function of the olivary complex of the brainstem.

7. _____ This is a function of the middle ear

8. _____ This provides a gain of 4-6 dB

Answer 1

1. e. Localization is a function of the pinna.

Justification: The pinna or the external ear is experimentally proved to perform the function of localization in human hearing.

2. c. Lever ratio provides a gain of approximately 2 dB.

Justification: Lever ratio is related to the structure of auditory ossicles and this lever ratio provides a gain of approximately 2 decibels (dB).

3. b. Area ratio provides a gain of approximately 25 dB.

Justification: The area ratio between tympanic membrane and oval window provides a gain of 25 decibels (dB).

4. d. Buckling function is a function of only the tympanic membrane.

Justification: Buckling effect or Buckling function is the only function of tympanic membrane and this function decreases velocity two-fold and increases force two-fold and changes the impedance ratio.

5. b. Area ratio is a function of the relationship between the tympanic membrane and the oval window.

Justification: The area ratio denotes the relationship between tympanic membrane and oval window and provides a gain of approximately 25 decibels (dB) between them.

6. e. Localization is a function of the olivary complex of the brainstem.

Justification: The function of the superior olivary complex of brainstem is localization which means, determining where exactly the sound is coming from.

7. a. Impedance matching is a function of the middle ear.

Justification: Impedance matching is an important function of middle ear as the middle ear transfers incoming vibrations from low impedance tympanic membrane to high impedance oval window. So, middle ear is an efficient impedance transformer.

8. d. Buckling function provides a gain of 4-6 dB.

Justification: Buckling function is the only function of tympanic membrane and it decreases velocity two-fold increases force two-fold by changing the impedance ratio four-fold. So, it provides a gain of 4-6 decibels (dB).

Thank you!