You should be able to:
Describe the three types of muscles (cardiac, skeletal, smooth),
including their functions and where they are found
Explain the important functions of muscles
Explain why skeletal muscles have a striated appearance
Understand the how the sliding filament model of muscle
contraction works
Understand the role of the troponin and tropomyosin in muscle
contraction
Describe the structure of the thick (myosin) and thin (actin)
filaments
Explain how a signal travels from a motor neuron to a...
29. Relaxation and contraction of the ciliary muscles alter
the shape of the lens by changing the tension on the
a. ciliary body
b. limbus
c. vitreous body
d. dilator pupillae
e. suspensory ligaments
30. A neurotransmitter
a. provides an immediate response
b. stimulates or increases a response
c. inhibits or decreases a response
d. is produced in small amounts
e. all of the above
31. Blood backflow from right ventricle to right atrium is
prevented by
a. bicuspid valve...
1.Describe the effects of the sympathetic nerves on cardiac
muscle during contraction and relaxation.
2.Define preload, afterload, and contractility.
3.Describe the spread of excitation from the SA node through the
rest of the heart.
4.Red blood cells have a lifespan of 120 days. What happens to
the blood cell when it dies? Discuss the locations of death,
by-products, and formation of RBC.
5.Describe the process of chemotaxis or emigration.
Describe the following for skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
myocytes.
How each cell receives a signal
Excitation-contraction coupling
Pacemaker cells
Repolarization (cardiac only)
Q1. Of the following which one causes the contraction of
smooth muscles behind a bolus of food?
A. Release of Acetycholine by sensroy neruons of the enteric
nervous system
B. Release of acetylcholine by motor neurons of the enteric
nervous system
C. Release of nitric oxide by Interstital cells of cajal
D. The release of epinephrine from the sympathetic nervous
system
Q2. H+ is secereted in the stomach by?
A. H+/K+ ATPase pump
B. H+/HCO3- antiport
C. H+/Cl- symport
D....
compare the contraction mechanism of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
muscle fibers.
distinguish among the CNS, PNS, and the ANS.
describe the structure of a typical neuron and describe the
functions of each component.
Describe the events of a cardiac cycle based upon contracting
and relaxation phases.
Describe the activity of each chamber during cardiac systole and
cardiac diastole. Be able to relate the electrical activity of the
heart (depolarization, repolarization) to the corresponding
electrical activity depicted on a typical ECG/EKG tracing. Label
and define the waves.
Trace the depolarization pathway through the intrinsic
conduction system components. Compare and contrast cardiac and
skeletal muscle contraction.