One of the most acidic lakes in the United States is Little Echo Pond in the...

One of the most acidic lakes in the United States is Little Echo Pond in the Adirondacks in New York. Recently, this lake had a pH of 4.2, well below the recommended pH of 6.5.

a. What are the [H3O+] and [OH-] of Little Echo Pond?

b. What are the [H3O+] and [OH-] of a lake that has a pH of 6.5?

c. One way to raise the pH of an acidic lake (and restore its aquatic life) is to add limestone (CaCO3). How many grams of CaCO3 are needed to neutralize 1.0 kiloliters of the acidic water from Little Echo Pond if we assume all of the acid is sulfuric acid?

H2SO4(aq) + CaCO3(s) à CO2(g) + H2O(l) + CaSO4(aq)

Solutions

Expert Solution

a) [H3O+] and [OH-] of Little Echo Pond:

given pH = 4.2

b) [H3O+] and [OH-] of a lake that has a pH of 6.5

Using the same analogy as above:

c) The additional [H3O+] that has to be neutralized to bring the pH from 4.2 to 6.5 is:

but the volume of lake is 1 kiloliters (1000 L), therefore the total amount (moles) of [H3O+] to be neutralized is:

(Remember M is nothing but mol/L)

Note that, H2SO4 is a diprotic acid, i.e, one molecule ionizes to give 2 protons or 2 [H3O+] as below:

Therefore, moles of acid in the lake must be half the moles of [H3O+]

So, moles of H2SO4 = 0.0682/2 = 0.0314 moles

Now, The balanced chemical reaction between H2SO4 and CaCO3 is:

According to the stoichiometry of the reactants, one mole of H2SO4 is neutralized by one mole of CaCO3.

Therefore, moles of CaCO3 required = 0.0314 moles

The molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.09 g/mol. So,

grams of CaCO3 required is:

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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