Question

1. Define and explain the four levels of ethical analysis.

2. Describe the four stages of the ethical decision-making model.

3. Explain the deontological and teleological orientations, then give an example showing how they could lead to solving the same problem in different ways.

4. Explain the test of publicity and the describe it's value.

Answer 1

The four levels of ethical analysis can be as follows:

- Societal level- At this level the ethical standards are made and analyzed keeping in consideration the society or the external enviornment. Doing good to the people around us becomes a priority for companies. They make ethical codes and moral and ethical rules based on the wellbeing of the society. This level works on emotional intelligence. It takes care of the people and environment around us and following ethics while dealing with it comes under the societal level.

- Stakeholders' level- Stakeholder is anyone that gets effected with the actions of the company. Be it the employers, suppliers or customers. The ethical analysis will have to be made keeping in mind the actions that effect the stakeholders and following the best actions that can benefit all stakeholders. For example a promotional activity that is beneficial for the company and attracts the existing customers but is harmful for the society in indirect way then ethically it cannot be practised.

- Internal policy level- This is based on the relationship of an employer and employee. The policies formed should be beneficial for both and any policy that unsatisfies either will be considered as unethical. Giving full liberty to employees to work in office, pay scales, employee's participation in the activities of the company are all that can effect internal policy of the company and these norms and rules should be ethically sound so that they do not harm or unsatisfy any of the two, employer or employee.

- Personal level - This level includes the emotional aspect of dealing with the individuals in the workplace. How the person is treated physically and mentally should be accoding to the business ethics. Taking care of this level will leave the employee satisfied and happy with their job thus giving effective performance. The actions we do should not hurt anyone emotionally or physically is what is considered in this level as this will effect the job performance and growth of the company ultimately.