Question

Compare and contrast 2 types of joints in the skeletal system (i.e. ginglymus versus ball-and-socket: how does each one move, where are they found, etc).

Define and discuss a pathology involving each of your choices (i.e. arthritis, fracture, etc).

Briefly give an example - personal, professional, or from a published source - of a patient case for each of the pathologies.

Answer 1

Ginglymus and ball&socket joints are the types of synovial joints.

Synovial joints are freely moveable joints in the body. Bones of these joints are encapsulated with hyaline cartilage which acts as cushion and reduces risk of injury to the bones.

At the joint it contains synovial capsule filled with synovial fluid.

Ginglymus is the also known as hinge joint. In which the bones are moulded to fit one into another and permits movement in one plane. In this type of joint one bone is in concave shaped and another bone is in convex shaped to fix together. It allows movements of flexion and extension. Examples: knee joint and elbow joint

Ball and socket joint: in this type of joints bones are fit together sad ball and sticker i.e one end of bone is like ball and another bone send is like concave socket. This allows movements of flexion, extension, rotation, abduction, adduction and circumduction. Examples: Hip joint and shoulder joint.