Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Select all that apply: The interstitial substance of bone matrix: A. includes an organic portion that...

Select all that apply:

The interstitial substance of bone matrix:

A. includes an organic portion that makes up approximately one third of the matrix.

B. contains an organic protein portion that is produced and secreted by osteoblasts.

C. contains an inorganic portion of calcium phosphate crystals, known as hydroxyapatite.

D. requires the deposition of the organic matrix, the osteoid before the inorganic salts can be deposited.

E. may incorporate cations that are chemically similar to calcium, including heavy metal ions.

Expert Solution

All Option are correct EXCEPT OPTION E about the interstitial substance of matrix

A. includes an organic portion that makes up approximately one third of the matrix.

Bones consist of living cells embedded in a mineralized organic matrix. This matrix consists of organic components, mainly type I collagen – "organic" referring to materials produced as a result of the human body – and inorganic components, primarily hydroxyapatite and other salts of calcium and phosphate. Above 30% of the acellular part of bone consists of the organic components, and 70% of salts.

B. contains an organic protein portion that is produced and secreted by osteoblasts.

The extracellular matrix of bone is laid down by osteoblasts, which secrete both collagen and ground substance. These synthesise collagen within the cell, and then secrete collagen fibrils. The collagen fibers rapidly polymerise to form collagen strands. At this stage they are not yet mineralised, and are called "osteoid". Around the strands calcium and phosphate precipitate on the surface of these strands, within days to weeks becoming crystals of hydroxyapatite

C. contains an inorganic portion of calcium phosphate crystals, known as hydroxyapatite.

The inorganic composition of bone (bone mineral) is primarily formed from salts of calcium and phosphate, the major salt being hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2)

D. requires the deposition of the organic matrix, the osteoid before the inorganic salts can be deposited.

The extracellular matrix of bone is laid down by osteoblasts, which secrete both collagen and ground substance. These synthesise collagen within the cell, and then secrete collagen fibrils. The collagen fibers rapidly polymerise to form collagen strands. At this stage they are not yet mineralised, and are called "osteoid". Around the strands calcium and phosphate precipitate on the surface of these strands, within days to weeks becoming crystals of hydroxyapatite

In order to mineralise the bone, the osteoblasts secrete vesicles containing alkaline phosphatase. This cleaves the phosphate groups and acts as the foci for calcium and phosphate deposition. The vesicles then rupture and act as a centre for crystals to grow on. More particularly, bone mineral is formed from globular and plate structures

Option E is wrong , bone doesnot contain heavy metals

it only contain calcium , sodium , potassium,magnesium like cations

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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