Question

A researcher notes that two things are correlated. This should result in a ...

1.Frequency claim

2. Association claim

3. Causal claim

4. Something else

Answer 1

Solution :- Association Claim

argues that one level of avariableis likely to be associated with a particular level of anothervariable.(Correlate: one variable changes, the other variable tends tochange.) Also, association claim must involve at least 2 variables (two ormore), and those are measuredbut manipulated. Association claim contains 3 different types of association:

Positive association: For example, “Shy people are better at readingfacial expressions.” The more shy people are, the better they can readfacial expressions. The type of association in this example, in which highgoes with high, low goes with low, is called Positive association.

Negative Association: For example, “Heavy cell phone use tied to poorsperm quality.” This could be restated as “Men who spend more timeusing cell phone have lower quality of sperm.” The type of association inthis example, in which high goes with low, low goes with high, is callednegative association.

Zero Association: For example, “Screen time not linked to physicalactivity in kids.” There is no association between the variables. In ascatterplot of this association, the points have no slop. People can make predictions based on associations.For example,when we see 2 people, one is shy and the other one is outgoing, we canpredict that the shy person can read facial expressions better than theoutgoing person.