Question

In: Chemistry

Design a buffer solution from acids listed in the table. You need to prepare 1.50 L...

Design a buffer solution from acids listed in the table.

You need to prepare 1.50 L of buffer with pH 4.30. Show your calculations for molar calculations of acid and conjugate base, then fill in the answer table below.

Acid	Formula (H is the acidic hydrogen)	pKa
Acetic acid	CH₃CO₂H	4.756
Benzoic acid	C₆H₅CO₂H	4.202
Formic acid	HCO₂H	3.745
Hydrazoic acid	HN₃	4.600
Hydrofluoric acid	HF	3.170
Lactic acid	HC₃H₅O₃	3.860
Trifluoroacetic acid	C₂HF₃O₂H	2.523

Expert Solution

Benzoic acid is chosen, since its pKa is closest to the required pH.

The molar ratio is calculated:

n A- / n HA = 10 ^ (pH - pKa) = 10 ^ (4.30 - 4,202) = 1.25

It has:

i) n A- - 1.25 * n HA = 0

ii) n A- + n HA = M * V = 0.1 M * 1.5 L = 0.15 mol

The system of equations between i and ii is solved:

n A- = 0.083 mol

n HA = 0.067 mol

The mass of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate required is calculated:

m Acid = n HA * MM = 0.067 mol * 122.12 g / mol = 8.18 g

m Benzoate = 0.083 * 144.11 = 11.96 g

The above masses are diluted in a volume of distilled water of 1.5 L.

If you liked the answer, please rate it positively, you would help me a lot, thanks.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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Design a buffer solution from acids listed in the table. You need to prepare 1.50 L...

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