Question

QUESTION 1

Jim is blood type A, his brother John is type O and his sister Jane is type AB. What are the genotypes of their parents?

A.

IAi and IBi

B.

IAIA and IBIB

C.

IAi and IBIB

D.

IAIB and ii

E.

IAIA and IBi

QUESTION 2

Which of the following is true for alleles that show incomplete dominance?

A.

Heterozygotes have a genotype like the dominant allele.

B.

Homozygotes have a genotype like the recessive allele.

C.

Heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the dominant and recessive alleles.

D.

Homozygotes have the same phenotype as the heterozygotes.

QUESTION 3

Which principle of inheritance concluded that when games are formed in meiosis, the two alleles of each gene separate from one another, and each gamete receives only one allele?

A.

independent assortment

B.

heterozygosity

C.

segregation

D.

dominance

  

QUESTION 4

Which term best describes a condition in which alleles at one locus can alter the expression of alleles at another locus?

A.

polygenic inheritance

B.

codominance

C.

multiple alleles

D.

pleiotropy

E.

epistasis

QUESTION 5

A single unit of genetic information located on a chromosome defines:

A.

a trait

B.

an allele

C.

a chromosome

D.

a locus

E.

a gene

QUESTION 6

The physical expression (appearance or function) of an organism's genes defines:

A.

genotype

B.

a single characteristic

C.

physiology

D.

mutation

E.

phenotype

QUESTION 7

Palomino horses (golden color with a blond mane) are an incompletely dominant trait produced by the combination of the chestnut color allele and the cream color allele. If you wanted to produce as many palominos as possible, which mating strategy below would be the best choice?

A.

Chestnut x Cream

B.

Palomino x Cream

C.

Palomino x Chestnut

D.

Palomino x Palomino

QUESTION 8

Which term best describes the effect of a single gene on multiple aspects of the phenotype?

A.

epistasis

B.

pleiotropy

C.

multiple alleles

D.

codominance

E.

polygenic inheritance

QUESTION 9

Which term best describes the separate expression of both alleles for a single trait in the same cell?

A.

multiple alleles

B.

codominance

C.

pleiotropy

D.

epistasis

E.

polygenic inheritance

QUESTION 10

One form of a gene found on a single chromosome defines:

A.

an allele

B.

a locus

C.

a chromosome

D.

a trait

E.

a gene

QUESTION 11

A chocolate lab (whose mother was a yellow lab) is mated with a black lab whose genotype is BbEe. What fraction of the offspring would be expected to be yellow labs?

A.

1/4

B.

none

C.

1/2

D.

3/16

E.

1/8

  

QUESTION 12

What type of allele is always expressed regardless of whether the individual is homozygous or heterozygous for it?

A.

Both the dominant and recessive alleles

B.

Recessive allele

C.

Allosteric allele

D.

Lethal allele

E.

Dominant allele

QUESTION 13

Given the parents AABBGgHhrr × AabbGgHhRr, assume simple dominance and independent assortment. What proportion of the progeny will be expected to have the genotype AaBbggHHrr?

A.

1/256

B.

1/64

C.

1/16

D.

1/32

E.

1/128

QUESTION 14

___________________ is defined as having two of the same type of allele for a particular trait.

A.

Homozygous

B.

Dominance

C.

Incomplete dominance

D.

Heterozygous

E.

Genotype

QUESTION 15

The physical position of an allele on a single chromosome defines:

A.

an allele

B.

a chromosome

C.

a gene

D.

a locus

E.

a trait

QUESTION 16

Which term best describes two or more genes affecting the phenotype in an additive fashion?

A.

codominance

B.

polygenic inheritance

C.

multiple alleles

D.

pleiotropy

E.

epistasis

Answer 1

1. Blood type of Jim is A and blood type of John is O and their sister is AB.

There are two possible genotypes of A blood group that are I^AI^A or I^Ai.

For O group there is only one genotype pssiblity that is ii.

And the genitype of AB group is I^AI^B.

So, one offspring is homozygous for O group that means the parents are heterozygous for the trait, that they both carry an i allele.

Now, the sister is having AB group so A allele and B allele are also present in parent.

So the genotype of parents is I^Ai and I^Bi.

Option A is correct.

2. Incomplete dominance is defined as the incomplete of a particular trait because of presence of different allele. This is present in heterozygotes. This produces a phenotype which is an intermediate between the two allele's homozygous phenotype.

So option C is correct.

3. Mendel in his first law, which is law of sgregation, stated that during gametes production by meiosis, the pair of allele separate from each other and each gamete receives a single allele.

Option C is correct.

4. Polygenic inheritance arises when expression of a gene is controlled by other genes.

Codominance is the result of expression of two different dominant genes present in heterozygous condition. This produces an intermediate phenotype between the two different genes.

Multiple alleles is the presence of more than two alleles that can be present on a single licus of chromosome. But any individual will have only two of the alleles either homozyhous or heterozygous.

Pleiotropy is said to be the effect of a single gene on multiple genes expression. These type of genes can alter the expression of genes present on different locus.

So the correct option is E.

5. Trait is defined as the characteristics of an individual which is expressed phenotypically.

Allele is known to be the different form of a gene located at same locus on different chromosome.

Chromosome is highly condensed form of DNA and proteins which can be vusualised during meraphase of mitosis. The name chromo is given due to its staining nature to dye.

Locus is a position in a chromosome where a single gene resides.

Genes are said to be the unit of DNA that is present in a chromisome. It controls the expression of particular trait in an organism

So the correct option is E.

6. As stated in wuestion 5, the physical expression of an organism's gene is its phenotype.

Genotype is the genetic consituent of an organism.

A single characteristic of an organism is defined as the allele of the individual.

Physiology is the study of working of cells or tissues or organs in an organism.

Mutation is defined as the error occured in DNA sequence inside a cell.

So the correct option is E.

7. The cream color and chestnut color alleles are two different dominant alleles.

Palomino is an heterozygous condition. Mating it with any of the homozygous trait or palomino itself will always give rise to either of the homozygous genotype that is either cream or chest nut as well as palomino.

In order to produce maximum number of palominos, the homozygotes must be mated, so each of the allele passes into the offspring.

So A is correct.

8. As described in question 4, plieotropic gene have effect on multiple aspects of a phenotype, that is, a single gene controls the expression of different genes.

So the correct option is B.

9. Codominance is the expression of two alleles in a cell when when present in heterozygous condition.

Correct option is B.

10. An allele is defined as one form of a gene which is present on a single chromosome.

So the correct option is A.

11. The chocolate lab is having genotype of BbEe.

And the chocolate color is due to heterozygous presence of both the alleles.

So the yellow lab will have bbee genotype snd the black will have BBEE.

if we cross BbEe with BBEE we get BBEE, BBEe, BbEE and BbEe offspring.

So the chance of producing yellow lab that is bbee would be 0.

12. A dominant allele is always exoressed regardless of its whether a organism is heterozygous or homozygous for it.

13. AABBGgHhrr will produce 4 types of gametes namely, ABGHr, ABGhr, ABgHr, ABghr

AabbGgHhRr will produce 16 types of gametes. AbGHR, AbgHR, AbghR, Abghr, abGHR, abgHR, abghR, abghr, AbGhR, AbGHr, abGhR, abGHr, AbghR, AbGhr, abgHr, abGhr.

In order to produce offspring with AaBbggHHrr, a corss between ABgHr and abgHr. This is the only possible cross. So, the chance is 1/64.

14. Homozygous condition is defined as the presence of same type of alleles for a particular trait.

15. The position of an allele on a single chromosome is defined as the locus.

16. As stated in question 4, polygenic inheritance describes two or more genes affecting the phenotype in an additive fashion.