Question

Q1.

a. Dynamic changes in chromatin organization and the management of individual linear chromosomes mark key
activities of the different stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle and cellular reproduction. Describe how chromatin
amount and structure vary throughout the cell cycle, and how management of individual chromosomes varies
between mitosis and meiosis to produce the different outcomes of these processes.

b. RNA is often considered to be a more versatile macromolecule than DNA. Discuss the different roles of RNA
in eukaryotes.

Answer 1

a) The genomes of eukaryotic organism is more complex than prokaryotes and almost eukaryotes having diploid set of chromosomes .Some of other have polyploid. And they also having complexity in the organization of chromatin, nuclear membrane, and arrangement if genes. Chromatin is arranged into nucleosomes and it contains DNA, histones and non histones ( associated proteins). Mitosis and meiosis are important type of cell division and resulting in the formation of daughter cells. This kind of clevage is helful for gene transfer between species and and as a result the genetic variation will happens. During cell cycle the chromatin condensation changes. In interphase 1 stage chromatin is in very low condensation state that means loosely distributed in the nucleus. During cell division the chromatin becomes more tightly packed.

B) The RNA molecules can regulate the gene expressionRegulation of the process of production of proteins from the coding genes is the basis for much of cellular and organismal structure, differentiation, and physiology