Question

 

Phases of the cell cycle:

- __________ (cell growth and function, copying of chromosomes in preparation for cell growth and division).

-___________ (mitosis and cytokinesis).

Mitosis = move one copy of each chromosome to two ends of the cell and then _____________________________.

Answer 1

The cell cycle can be divided into 2 broad phases, one is interphase and the other is mitotic phase or m phase or mitosis.

Interphase- In this phase, the cell prepares to enter the mitotic or divisional stage. This stage contains 3 sub-stages which are G1, S and G2. The cell increases its size, organelles in G1 and G2 phase, whereas in the S or synthesis phase, the copying of the chromosomes occur.

Mitotic phase- After the cell passes G1, S and G2 it enters into the mitotic phase. This phase also contains 4 main phases which are prophase( chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane disappears), metaphase( here the chromosomes are arranged in the equatorial region of the cell and spindles are attached), anaphase( the sister chromatids are separated and pulled to the opposite poles by the spindles) and telophase( the nuclear membrane starts to appear again around the separated chromatids, spindle disintegrates).

Cytokinesis- Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm by which two daughter nuclei are formed. It generally starts after the chromosomes have been separated and pulled to the opposite poles( thus after anaphase or at the beginning of the telophase). In animal cells, the cell membrane invaginates inwards forming a cleavage which finally separates the mother cell into two daughter cells.

Hence, the correct options are

Interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis.