In: Accounting
During Heaton Company’s first two years of operations, it reported absorption costing net operating income as follows:
Year 1 | Year 2 | ||||
Sales (@ $62 per unit) | $ | 1,054,000 | $ | 1,674,000 | |
Cost of goods sold (@ $43 per unit) | 731,000 | 1,161,000 | |||
Gross margin | 323,000 | 513,000 | |||
Selling and administrative expenses* | 299,000 | 329,000 | |||
Net operating income | $ | 24,000 | $ | 184,000 | |
* $3 per unit variable; $248,000 fixed each year.
The company’s $43 unit product cost is computed as follows:
Direct materials | $ | 9 |
Direct labor | 11 | |
Variable manufacturing overhead | 3 | |
Fixed manufacturing overhead ($440,000 ÷ 22,000 units) | 20 | |
Absorption costing unit product cost | $ | 43 |
Forty percent of fixed manufacturing overhead consists of wages and salaries; the remainder consists of depreciation charges on production equipment and buildings.
Production and cost data for the first two years of operations are:
Year 1 | Year 2 | |
Units produced | 22,000 | 22,000 |
Units sold | 17,000 | 27,000 |
Required:
1. Using variable costing, what is the unit product cost for both years?
2. What is the variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and in Year 2?
3. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each year.