Question

Health problems of family members

The father has a chronic cough. Smoking (10 per day)

The mother's menstrual bleeding is irregular. She's afraid of getting pregnant again. He does not use a family planning method.

10-year-old child (girl) has very low school success, has no appetite and is poor (weight and height percentile 5%).

8-year-old boy has asthma. The family takes the child for control every 6 months (weight and height percentile 25%).

7-year-old boy healthy (weight and height percentile 10%).

5-year-old boy often gets bronchitis. When there is bronchitis, he has fever and cough (weight and height percentile 25%).

Develop a education material for each member of family  ( presentation / brochure / poster / etc.) suitable for the health education subject you have planned

Answer 1

1.Health education for smoking:-

Smoking is hard to stop because your body becomes addicted to nicotine, the drug found naturally in tobacco.Smoking increases the risk of many types of cancer, including some leukemias and cancer of the lungs, mouth, voice box (larynx), throat (esophagus), bladder, kidney, pancreas, cervix, and stomach. Smoking may also cause chronic lung diseases, such as emphysema, and greatly increases your risk of a heart attack or stroke.

Measure to stop smoking:-

write down your reasons for quitting. Keep this list with you so you can look at it when you feel the urge to smoke. Keeping a diary of when and why you smoke also can help you quit.

plan other ways to deal with the reasons you smoke. For example, instead of lighting up, try going for a walk or meditating.

Your healthcare provider may suggest a medicine to help you quit. These can be in the form of patches, gum, pills, lozenges, sprays, or inhalers.

2.health education for family planning:-

Delaying having children can give people the opportunity to complete education or further studies

Waiting to become pregnant at least 24 months after birth can lead to health benefits for the mother and baby.

Spacing births allows the mother to recover physically and emotionally before she gets pregnant again, and faces the demands of pregnancy, birth and breastfeeding.

Limiting the number of children in a family means more resources for each child and more time for the parents to dedicate to each child.

Family planning can also help couples in a sexual relationship not to be worried about the woman getting pregnant.

STIs including HIV/AIDS can also be prevented with correct and consistent use of condoms.

Younger women (adolescents) can delay pregnancy until their bodies are mature and they are ready in terms of their life course.

Older women (over 35) can prevent unwanted pregnancies that are often risky for their health and can lead to complications for both mothers and infants.

3.health education for pediatrics asthma:-

Address concerns of the child and carer.

Assess the impact of asthma on day to day activities

Help carers understand the role of each treatment and how they work

Explore practical solutions to improve adherence

Explain what to do when symptoms worsen.

Avoid smoke or burn fuel near the child

Educate parent about using inhealer if prescribed.

4. Health education for bronchitis:-

Bronchitis is a common cause of illness and is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants and young children. Treatment includes measures to ensure that the child consumes adequate fluids and is able to breathe without significant difficulty. Most children begin to improve two to five days after first developing breathing difficulties, but wheezing can last for a week or longer.

Emergency care — Parents should seek medical attention if the child seems to be worsen.

Monitoring — Monitoring at home involves observing the child periodically for signs or symptoms of worsening.

Nose drops or spray — Saline nose drops or spray might help with congestion and runny nose. For infants, parents can try saline nose drops to thin the mucus.

Encourage fluids — Parents should encourage their child to drink an adequate amount of fluids; it is not necessary to drink extra fluids. Children often have a reduced appetite and may eat less than usual. If an infant or child completely refuses to eat or drink for a prolonged period, urinates less often, or has vomiting episodes with cough, the parent should contact their child's health care provider.

Other therapies — Other therapies, such as antibiotics, cough medicines, decongestants, and sedatives.

Sometimes, keeping the child's head elevated can reduce the work of breathing. A child may be propped up in bed with an extra pillow. Pillows should not be used with infants younger than 12 months of age.

Isolation precautions — Because the viruses that cause bronchitis are contagious, precautions must be taken to prevent spreading the virus to other patients and/or children.

Feeding — Most infants and children can continue to eat, breastfeed, or drink normally while in the hospital. If the child is unable or unwilling to eat or drink adequately, the respiratory rate is too fast, or the child is having significant difficulty breathing or stops breathing, fluids and nutrition may be given into a vein.

Treatments — Supplemental oxygen may be needwhoed for children who are unable to get enough oxygen from room air.

Avoid smoking in the child's home because this increases the risk of respiratory illness.

Wash hands frequently with soap and water, especially before touching an infant. Hands should ideally be wet with water and plain or antimicrobial soap, and rubbed together for 15 to 30 seconds. Hands should be rinsed thoroughly and dried with a single-use towel.

Use alcohol-based hand rubs. These are a good alternative for disinfecting hands if a sink is not available. Hand rubs should be spread over the entire surface of hands, fingers, and wrists until dry. Hand rubs are available as a liquid or wipe in small, portable sizes that are easy to carry in a pocket or handbag. When a sink is available, visibly soiled hands should be washed with soap and water.

Avoid other adults and children with upper respiratory infection. It may be difficult or impossible to completely avoid persons who are ill, although parents can try to limit direct contact. In addition, infants or children who are sick should not be sent to day care or school because this can potentially cause others to become ill.

A yearly vaccination for influenza virus is recommended for everyone older than six months, especially for household contacts of children younger than five years.