Question

What are the possible reasons for the development of the fractures in the lithosphere?

Need explanation and step by step solution and without plagrism

Answer 1

Lithosphere plates are region of earth's crust and upper mantle that are fractured into plates that moves across deeper plasticine mantle.

Earth's crust is fractured into 13 major and approximately 20 total lithosphere plates.Each lithosphere plate is composed of a layer of oceanic crust or continental crust superficial to an outer layer of the mantle.Containing both crust and the upper region of the mantle, lithosphere plates are generally considered to be approximately 100km thick. Although containing only continental crust or oceanic crust in any one cross-section, lithosphere plates may conatins various sections that exclusively contain either oceanic crust or continental crust and therefore lithospheric plates may contain various combinations of oceanic and continental crust.

Analysis of lithosphere plate movements and dynamica requires more sophisticated mathematics that account for the curvature of the plates.

In geological terms,there are three types of boundaries between lithosphere plates. At divergent boundaries, lithosphere plates move apart and crust is created. At convergent boundaries, lithosphere plates move together in collision zones where crust is destroyed by subduction or uplifted to form mountain chains.

Lateral movements between lithosphere plates create transform faults at the sites of plate slippage.

The dynamics of plate tectonics, driven by deeper thermal processes,stress and cause elastic strain on the lithosphere materials. Resulting fracture of rock in the lithosphere cause a release of energy in the form of seismic waves i.e Earthquake.

Because Earth's diameter is remains constant there is no net creation or destruction of lithosphere plates.

Fracture of lithosphere is cause by the earthquake, or it is directly related to earthquake,so the main reason of earthquakes are:-

(1.) VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

The main cause of earthquake is volcanic eruptions.Such type of earthquake occur I'm areas,with frequent volcanic activities.When boiling lava tires to break through the surface of the earth,with the increased pressure of gases, certain movements are caused certain disruptions.This send shockwaves through the earth, causing damage.Thsee earthquake are mild.

(2.) TECTONIC MOVEMENTS

The surface of the earth consists of some plates, comprising of the upper mantle.These plates are always moving,thus effecting earth's crust.These movements are categorized into three types : constructive, destructive, and conservative. Constructive is when two plates move away from each other,they correspond to mild earthquakes.when two played moves towards each other and collide,this is known as destructive plate boundaries.This is very destructive. Conservative corresponds to passing by of plates of crust.

(3.) GEOLOGICAL FAULTS

A geological fault is known as the displacement of plates of their original plane.The palne can be horizontal or vertical.These planes are not formed suddenly but slowly develop over long period.The movement of rock along the plains brings about tectonic earthquake.The dsiplacemt of plates creates the fracturing of rock which is also called fracturing of lithosphere.

(4.) MAN MADE

The interface of man with the nature can also become a cause of earthquake. The disturbance of crustal balance due to heavy clubbing of water in dams can cause earthquake. Nuclear bombing can send specific type of shockwave throughout the surfaces of earth,which can disturb the the natural alignment of tectonic plates.

These are the reason for the cause of earthquake simultaneously cause fracture of lithosphere.