Question

Discuss at least 3 symptoms caused by physiologic changes and consequences of hypertension. Discuss how pharmaceutical treatments are designed to alleviate those symptoms. What are the risks and benefits of these treatments? What are the potential drug interactions with these medications? What added therapy would you consider if the patient's hypertension were complicated by heart failure? What therapies would you avoid? What patient education is needed in terms of compliance and expectations of medications prescribed

Answer 1

1) The symptoms caused by physiologic changes and consequences of hypertension are  

a) Aortic Aneurysm - this is observed in thoracic and abdomen , are the balloon-like bulge occur in the aorta, the main artery carrying oxygen-rich blood to your body.

b) Chronic kidney disease - high blood pressure affect the kidney and caused the damaged to kidney and resist the kidney from filtering the blood .

c) Vascular dementia - It is also the symptom of hypertension . In this dementia the hypertension condition cause the damage to the blood vessels in the brain and disturb the proper blood flow and oxygen transportation to the brain.

2) Pharmaceutical treatments are designed to alleviate the symptoms of hypertension as there are many different types of blood pressure pharmaceutical treatments with different modes of action. The treatments are designed in such a way that it will not harm any kind of patient with any of disease . The drugs are given or prescribed in such a way that it has no side effects in that particular person who have taken that mediaction by observing the antagoints to that medication and treatment .

Treatments are the medications that have different kind of drugs like

• Diuretics - amiloride, Aldactone, Dyrenium are the drugs under this category which balance the water and salt specially sodium .

• Beta-blockers- They help in heart beating with less speed and force., so blood pressure decreases. Drugs are atenolol (Tenorim) , propranolol (Inderal).

• Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors , the drugs are benazepril hydrochloride ,captopril , enalapril maleate .

3) These treatments have various risks and benifits . The Risks in these treatments are of the sideeffects of the anti hypertension drug which cause Cough ,Diarrhea ,  lightheadedness , Erection problems. ,Feeling nervous.. the CV events by the 10 percent magin.

The  risk of myocardial infraction is reduced far while the reduction take place in small amout in systolic blood pressure that reduce the further effect and load on heart and reduce the factor of heart attack . The another risk factor is  the J curve that shows the connection between the reduction in blood pressure and the risk of events of CV , and shows further elevated risk of up and downs in blood pressure

The main benefit of antihypertensive treatment are because of the lowering of blood preesure per ser and it will also affect due to the independent use of specific drug .

Some treatment have many positive effcts like improvement of endothelial function, increase of bradykinin levels, decrease in sympathetic activity that is showing in general use of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiatherosclerotic .

4) The potential drug interactions with these medications which are used in the treatment of hypertension . These drugs interact with the different drugs that is mainly used for treatment of cardiovascular like asprin and than resulting the common drug effects . There are some drugs like cyclosporine and digoxin that has potential drug interation and sometime they alter their effects and can cause some issues like mild hypovolaemia etc .