Question

SPSS NEEDED Person is interested in comparing the success of two different mnemonics (memorization methods) on performance in a memory task. He assigns students to two groups, one which learns and uses a language-based rhyming memory technique, and one which learns and uses a visual “method of loci” spatial memory technique. He then administers a memory task to each group of students. The students are scored based on the percentage of correct answers.

Using this table, enter the data into a new SPSS data file and run an independent-samples t test to test the claim that there is a difference in the percentage of correct answers between the two groups.

Language-Based	Spatially-based
93 77 89 87 78 62 67 90 95	83 89 72 95 76 63 99 84 93

Part A - Paste SPSS data

Part B - Write an APA-style Results section based on your analysis. Include your boxplot as an APA-style figure

Answer 1

Test and CI for Two Variances: Language-Based, Spatially-based

σ₁: standard deviation of Language-Based

σ₂: standard deviation of Spatially-based

Ratio: σ₁/σ₂

The Levene's methods are valid for any continuous distribution.

Descriptive Statistics

Variable	N	StDev	Variance	95% CI for σ
Language-Based	9	11.694	136.750	(7.055, 24.780)
Spatially-based	9	11.734	137.694	(7.417, 23.732)

Test

Null hypothesis	H₀: σ₁ / σ₂ = 1
Alternative hypothesis	H₁: σ₁ / σ₂ ≠ 1
Significance level	α = 0.05

Method	Test Statistic	DF1	DF2	P-Value
Levene	0.00	1	16	0.975

From Levenes test we conclude that populations variances are equal since p-value is more than 0.05.

Two-Sample T-Test and CI: Language-Based, Spatially-based

Method

μ₁: mean of Language-Based

µ₂: mean of Spatially-based

Difference: μ₁ - µ₂

Descriptive Statistics

Sample	N	Mean	StDev	SE Mean
Language-Based	9	82.0	11.7	3.9
Spatially-based	9	83.8	11.7	3.9

Estimation for Difference

Difference	Pooled StDev	95% CI for Difference
-1.78	11.71	(-13.48, 9.93)

Test

Null hypothesis	H₀: μ₁ - µ₂ = 0
Alternative hypothesis	H₁: μ₁ - µ₂ ≠ 0

T-Value	DF	P-Value
-0.32	16	0.752

b)

“An independent-samples t-test was conducted to compare the success of two different mnemonics in Language-Based and Spatially-based conditions. There was a no significant difference in the scores for Language-Based (M=82.0, SD=11.7) and Spatially-based (M=83.8, SD=11.7) conditions; t (16)=-0.32, p = 0.752. These results suggest that Language-Based and Spatially-based really does not have an effect on memory for words."