Question

3. Safety is one of the most important concerns in any occupational environment particularly in process industries.

a. What the main things that a safety training program for operators should involve

b. What are the major engineering control methods to ensure safety in process industries.

Answer 1

a)

the main things that a safety training program for operators should involve are:

1) how an accident can be prevented and promotion of safety norms.

2)safety compliances

3) operators should get personal protective equipment

4) safety pactices should be done regularly

5) chemical and hazardous materials safety procedures

6) proper knowledge of equoment and machinery .

b)

the major engineering control methods to ensure safety in process industries :

It is not possible to list every design of engineering control methods but they can be classified broadly as

non ventilation and ventilation control type.

Non ventilation controls :

they have the capability to reduce or eliminate process emission rate for example ,the use of well fittings to liquid containers.THEY can range from enclosures , seals , jigs and handling aids .

Ventiation controls:

Unlike non- ventilation control is unlikely to affect the emission rate from a process rather it is designed to control the containment once it has been released.

ventilation control methods are widely used to control airborne containments in the workplace.

they are of two types:

a) General ventilation:

it is the introducton of the clean air into the workplacethat eventually removes the contaminated air.

b) Local exhaust ventilation:

it is designed to capture or recieve the containment air at the source before it has the chance to enter workers breathing zone or mix with workplace air .As the control is applied as close to the source therfore less air is requires as compared to the general ventilation which further reduces the cost of operation the process.