Question

Duting fermentation pathways, what molecule regenerated that is essential for glycolysis to continueallowing the production of a small amount of ATP in anaerobic conditions?

Answer 1

NAD+ is regenerated .

Fermentation does not make ATP,
but it allows glycolysis to continue.
Fermentation removes electrons from
NADH molecules and recycles NAD +
molecules for glycolysis. Why is this
process important? Because glycolysis,
just like cellular respiration, needs a
molecule that picks up electrons. It
needs molecules of NAD + .

Without NAD + to pick up high-energy electrons from the splitting of glucose,
glycolysis would stop. When the high-energy electrons are picked up, though, a
eukaryotic cell can continue breaking down glucose and other simple sugars to
make a small amount of ATP.
Suppose that a molecule of glucose has just been split by glycolysis in one
of your muscle cells, but oxygen is unavailable. A process called lactic acid
fermentation takes place. Lactic acid fermentation occurs in your muscle cells,
the cells of other vertebrates, and in some microorganisms. Lactic acid,
C 3 H 6 O 3 , is what causes your muscles to “burn” during hard exercise.

Pyruvate and NADH from glycolysis enter the fermentation process.
Two NADH molecules provide energy to convert pyruvate into lactic
acid. As the NADH is used, it is converted back into NAD + .
Two molecules of NAD + are recycled back to glycolysis. The recycling of
NAD + allows glycolysis to continue.

As you can see, the role of fermentation is simply to provide glycolysis with
a steady supply of NAD + . By itself, fermentation does not produce ATP.
Instead, it allows glycolysis to continue to produce ATP.