Question

Explain (write down) What makes a cell cancerous?

Answer 1

Cancerous cells divide continuously and form solid tumors or flooding the body. Main difference of cancerous cell from normal cells are, cancer cell keep growing, may spread to other body part, and can be immortal.

Normal body cells are converted into cancerous through genetic and and epigenetic changes.

Our normal body cells are divide in a systematic manner and it control by many protein. Some protein help in cell Division(proto-oncogene), some protein prevent and control cell division (tumor suppressor gene). Some protein help in repair of DNA damage etc. If mutation ( mutation is a genetic change that change the DNA material and make its expression change) occour in those gene, i.e if proto-oncogene mutated and its function increase then cell divide uncontrollably. If tumor suppressor gene mutated then prevention of cell division will not occour and tumor will formed. If damage repair genes are mutated then damaged DNA replicate and translated which gives others defective protein. So, if mutation occour in those genes then a normal cell convert into cancerous cell.

Mutation caused by exposure to radiation, chemical, many environmental sources or may be inherited from parents.