Question

How abiotic factors can influence populations in a way that is independent of their local population density? (min. 300 words)

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Answer 1

Abiotic factors- these are the non living and the physical condition of the environment ehich influences almost all the species present in a particular locality.

These abiotic factors are- Water, light, radiation, temperature, humidity, atmosphere, acidity, soil , wind, altitude, pollution etc. these factors are the bounderies of our ecosystem which provide base to our living. these factors decide our way of living.

INFLUENCE ON POPULATION- To understand this first we come to know that the carrying capacity of an environment is reached when the no of birth is equals to no of death. this the basic assumption taken to ecology.

here i start my concern about the influence of abiotic factors on population- first i started with most important factor that is temperature - Both animal and plant population is strongly affected with temperature. most of the population grow healthy at optimum temperature range. for eg the population where temperature is very low then the rate of population is also very low. or the plants such as orchid or cactus cannot survive at low temperature.

Humidity- The moisture content within the environment is the important factor which helps animals as well as plants to respire. some of the plants are killed due to over watering and cannot survive under waterlogged conditions because the roots are unable to respire.

Light- it is the important source of energy which helps the animals and plants in their dispersal and colonization. light availability can be important force directly affecting the evolution of adaptations in photosyntesizers. And for animals it helps in visualization, energy source. In aquatic population the distribution of poulation is strongly affected and form the stratified layers with in the water. upper layer contain more no of organisms as it having sufficient light energy for making food below to it the population of organisms decreases as the light is decreases.

Soil- it is home for several micro-organisms. and also the base for both plants and animals life. so the quality of soil strongly affects the population growth in a particular area. The nutrient quality of soil affects the growth of plants and microorganisms. plants obtain inorganic nutrients from soil which into the plants through roots along with water.

Water- it is essential source for the survival of all plant and animal population because it is important for cellular metabolism. Terristrial organisms loose water to environment through diffusion but they have evolved many adaptations to retain water.