In: Physics
Define quantum efficiency as it applies to photon detectors and describe two instances of photon detectors where the term "quantum efficiency" is a relevant and important property.
Quantum efficiency is the ratio of number of charge carriers generated and the number of photons incident on the photodetector. So, maximum quantum efficiency can be unity (1 electron-hole pair generated by one photon). Quantum efficiency is of two types:
i] External quantum efficiency: It has to do with the optical losses and light trapping abilities of the solar cell.
ii] Internal quantum efficiency: Related to intrinsic nature of the semi-conductor material used (band-gap).
Quantum efficiency is important for a photodiode and a solar cell as it gives a quantitative measure of how large the photocurrent will be produced for the incident radiation on it.