Question

Mention a common glycerophospholipid on the outside of the membrane: Mention a sphingolipid composed of 1 monosaccharide: Mention common microdomains or lipid rafts:

macromolecules , biochemistry

Answer 1

Answer 1) Plasmalogens are a type of phosphoglyceride, which are common glycerophospholipid on the outside of the membrane. The structure is as, the first carbon of glycerol has a hydrocarbon chain attached via an ether, not ester, linkage. These linkages are more resistant to chemical attack than ester linkages. The second carbon atom has a fatty acid linked by an ester. The third carbon links to an ethanolamine or choline by means of a phosphate ester. These compounds are key components of the membranes of muscles and nerves.

Answer 2) Cerebrosides belong to a group of sphingolipids called glycosphingolipids. they are also commonly known as monoglycosylceramides. As because they contain only single unit of monosaccharide that commonly is galactose that is linked with ceramide.

Answer 3 - Two types of lipid rafts have been proposed: planar lipid rafts and caveolae. Planar rafts are defined as being continuous with the plane of the plasma membrane. While, Caveolins are flask shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that contain caveolin proteins and are the most readily-observed structures in lipid rafts. Caveolins are widely expressed in the brain, micro-vessels of the nervous system, endothelial cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, dorsal root ganglia and hippocampal neurons. Planar rafts contain flotillin proteins and are found in neurons where caveolae are absent. Both types have similar lipid composition that is enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids.