Question

Genetics:

Using molecular hybridization:

fully explain the technique and discuss one application of that technique used in scientific research.

Answer 1

in molecular biology, formation of a partially or wholly complementary nucleic acid duplex by association of single strands,usually between DNA and RNA strands or previously unassociated DNA strands, but also between RNA strands, used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands.

• Southern blotting is an example of RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism). It was developed by Edward M. Southern (1975). Southern blotting is a hybridization technique for identification of particular size of DNA from the mixture of other similar molecules. This technique is based on the principle of separation of DNA fragments by gel electrophoresis and identified by labelled probe hybridization.
• Basically, the DNA fragments are separated on the basis of size and charge during electrophoresis. Separated DNA fragments after transferring on nylon membrane, the desired DNA is detected using specific DNA probe that is complementary to the desired DNA.
• A hybridization probe is a short (100-500bp), single stranded DNA. The probes are labeled with a marker so that they can be detected after hybridization.