Question

Why would some tissue cultures require different formulations of nutrients to what other would? ( i.e why would there be a higher need to be % of a particular nutrient in the media growing one particular plant to what should be in the media growing another type of plant?)

Answer 1

Some tissue culture require different formulation of nutrients comparative to other tissue culture.

Every plant has its own nutritional requirement based upon the morphogenesis of tissues and optimal growth. Every nutient or element has specific function in plants and apart from this, different tissues also have different nutritional requirement for growth.

The culture media is mainly composed after the consideration of 2 criterias-

1- Specific plant species.

2- The type of culture i.e. cells, tissues, organs or protoplast.

Hence the culture media is formulated after considering specific culture system. The medium of a culture media may be solid or liquid which is based upon the better response. The culture media is formulated by adding many nutrients such as micronutrients, macronutrients, Carbon/energy source, solidifying agent and growth regulators. These nutrients provide helps to plant to perform their physiological function and to fulfill their nutritional requirement.

That's why these nutrients are added in different composition to the culture medium to attain proper growth of the particular culture system. Growth factors such as Auxins and cytokinins, which helps in the morphogenesis of culture system, are also used with different composition in the culture media. For root culture system, callus culture system and for embryogenesis the ratio of auxin to cytokinin is taken high. While for shoot culture system and axillary proliferation the ratio of auxin to cytokinin is taken low.

There are different culture medium are formulated in which nutritional composition differs according to the culture system. For example some culture medium such as White's medium is used for for root culture, MS medium is used for organogenesis and regeneration of plant, B5 medium is used for cell suspension and callus culture and Nitsch medium is used for anther culture.

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