Question

Describe the role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in controlling metabolic rate. .

Answer 1

Answers

The hypothalamus is a structure of the diencephalon of the brain located anterior and inferior to the thalamus.It has both neural and endocrine functions (producing and secreting many hormones). The hypothalamus is anatomically and functionally related to the pituitary gland.

The pituitary gland is cradled within the sellaturcica of sphenoid bone of the skull. It consists of two lobes the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) is neural tissue, whereas the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) is glandular tissue that develops from the primitive digestive tract. Each lobe secreting different hormones in response to signals from the hypothalamus.

The hypothalamus–pituitary complex is known as the  “command center” of the endocrine system. This complex secretes several hormones that directly produce responses in target tissues,and also hormones that regulate the synthesis and secretion of hormones of other glands also. The messages of the endocrine and nervous systems are coordinated by the hypothalamus–pituitary complex. The nervous system must pass through the hypothalamus–pituitary complex to be translated into hormones that can initiate a response.

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