why does the octet rule have expectations? give some examples

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Expert Solution

There are three general ways in which the octet rule breaks down:

1. Molecules with an odd number of electrons

2. Molecules in which an atom has less than an octet

3. Molecules in which an atom has more than an octet

Odd number of electrons

The octet rule can be 'expanded' by some elements by utilizing the d- orbitals found in the third principal energy level and beyond. Sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, and chlorine are common examples of elements that form an expanded octet.Sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, and chlorine are common examples of elements that form an expanded octet. Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) are examples of molecules that deviate from the octet rule by having more than 8 electrons around the central atom.

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