1.) a.In eudicots, stomates are usually found only on the bottom of leaves. In what environment...

1.) a.In eudicots, stomates are usually found only on the bottom of leaves. In what environment would you expect to find stomata only on the top of leaves.

b. Some plants close their stomata in the day and only open them at night. In what environment is this most likely to occur?

c. In the photometer, does the water have positive or negative pressure potential?

Expert Solution

1. Stomata are the specialised structure of plant, pore found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs, that facilitates gas exchange. These pores are guarded by specialised parenchymal cells known as gaurd cells which are necessary for regulation of opening size of stomata complex. This maintenance and distribution of stomatoes on leaves and other parts of plant depends on the environment factors like the surrounding temperatures, conditions and the need of transpiration or photosynthesis to take place within plant.

In many plant the stomata are present only on top (adaxial) surface of leaves. Such stomata are present in aquatic plants where the lower surface of leaves float on water. These types of plant are known as epistomatous. Example include Nymphaea. The aquatic fern Marsilea can also grow on land. On the floating leaves of Marsilea stomata are restricted to the adaxial surface while the aerial leaves possess stomata on both adaxial and abaxial surfaces.

2 . Some plants close their stomata in the day and only open them at night. This condition is seen in environment which are very hot and dry environment. for example, cacti and pineapples.

Opening and closing of stomata is the specialised way of plant to reduce photorespiration. Photorespiration is the wastefull process which results in loss of water .To reduce the water loss due to excess hot temperature these plants use the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pathway to minimize photorespiration. Even the stomata are closed at daytime, the photosynthesis take place because of organic acids are transported out of the vacuole and broken down to release CO2 required for photosynthesis.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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