Question

Mercantile Colonialism, Industrial Colonialism, Late Colonialism, Early Independence, Neocolonialism and the New International Division of Labour, and Globalization and Neoliberalism. Pick THREE of these six developmental phases and provide a general explanation of the phase, and how it influenced the urban (both in the developed and developing world).

Answer 1

Colonialism means the intention of a nation to show its supremacy over other nations.Mercantilism is a national economic policy to increase exports in the country. It was there in parts of Europe from the 16th to the the 18th century. It is practised even today in industralised nations.Its aim was to increase money through positive balance of trade of finished goods.It is seen in history that such policies by the government led to war and colonial expansion.

People were engaged mostly in agriculture during the colonial period but many other industries developed during this period because of the availability of vast natural resources of the coast.Ship building,fishing, fur trapping,textiles were some industries which grew.Ship building was an important industry and the colonists traded with different countries..Tanning and leather working were other colonial industries.

In the Late colonial period the leaders of independence defeated the colonial state.The old state then became a nation.The districts which were brought together by colonialism , got together and threw off the colonial rule and became a sovereign nation.

Colonialism has great impact in the political , social , cultural , religious spheres of the colonies.It led to modernization of the colony bringing improvement in education etc.It has both positive and negative impacts .Better education was provided by opening schools and universities which imparted European education to the colonies,there was development of the society through the interactions of the people in two different countries.Trade increased and infrastructures like road , railways, proper irrigation system , electricity plants were constructed.The negative impacts were no less . The colonized people were treated as second class citizens and the raw materials were taken away from the colonies for the betterment of their country.So the economic development of the colony deteriorated.So colonialism led to imperialism.