How the concentration polarization occurs in galvanic and electrolylic cells (in details) mechanism of each cell

How the concentration polarization occurs in galvanic and electrolylic cells (in details)

mechanism of each cell

Expert Solution

Polarization in cells occur when isolating barriers develop at the interface between the electrode and electrolyte. Electrolysis causes the elements in an electrolyte to be attracted towards one or the other pole.Concentration polarization is the uneven depletion of reagents in the electrolyte causes concentration gradients in boundary layers. The effect of concentration polarization are the isolation of electrode from electrolyte and the transfer of charges.The consequences of these isolation are same in both galvanic and elecctrolytic cells.

The reduction potential decreases,the reduction rate slows and eventually stops.
Electric current is increasingly converted into heat rather than into desired electrochemical work
By ohm's law,either electromotive force decreases and current increases or vice versa
The self discharge rate increases in the cells.

Concentration polarization is the part of polarization of an electrolytic cell resulting from changes in electrolyte concentration due to the passage of current through electrode or solution interface.

Concentration polarization in galvanic cells and its mechanism

A galvanic cell is an electrochemical cell that derives electrical energy from spontaneous redox reaction taking place within the cell.It consists of two different materials immersed in electrolytes,or individual half cells with different metals and their ions in solution connected by a salt bridge or seperated by a porous membrane.Oxidation takes place at anode and reduction takes place at cathode.concentration polarization occurs when redox reactions take place.

Concentration polarization in electrolytic cells and its mechanism

An electrolytic cell uses electrical energy to drive a non spontaneous redox reaction.An electrolytic cell is used to decompose chemical compounds in a process called electrolysis.An electrolytic cell has three important parts.Two electrodes,one anode and one cathode and an electrolyte.electrolyte is usually a solution of water or other solvents in which ions are dissolved.External voltage applied to electrode,ions are attracted to electrode with opposite charge. With an external potential of correct polarity and sufficient magnitude can electrolytic cell decompose a normal stable or inert compound in the solution.So here concentration polarization has an effect in its mechanism.

genius_generous answered 1 year ago

Calculate the cell potential for the galvanic cell in which the following reaction occurs at 25...

Calculate the cell potential for the galvanic cell in which the following reaction occurs at 25 °C, given that [Al3 ] = 0.00120 M and [Au3 ] = 0.787 M. Al (s) + Au^3+ (aq) <===> Al^3+ (aq) + Au (s)

In many animal cells, the uptake of glucose into the cell occurs by a cotransport mechanism, in which glucose is cotransported with Na^+ ions.

In many animal cells, the uptake of glucose into the cell occurs by a cotransport mechanism, in which glucose is cotransported with Na+ ions. Complete the diagram below using the following steps. Drag the pink labels to the pink targets, indicating the relative concentration at glucose inside and outside the cell. Drag the correct white target to the white target, indicating the direction that Na+ ions and glucose move through the cotransporter Drag the blue labels to complete the sentences...

The arrangement of using Mg/MgSO4 and Cu/CuSO4 couples as the half-cells to create a galvanic cell....

The arrangement of using Mg/MgSO4 and Cu/CuSO4 couples as the half-cells to create a galvanic cell. a) Draw a picture showing a Daniell cell-type experimental apparatus using the half-cells stated in this problem. b) Write the notation for a cell diagram for this galvanic cell. c) Identify the anode. d) Identify the cathode. e) Indicate the signs of the electrodes. f) Describe the flow of electrons through the external wire. g) Describe the flow of ions in the salt bridge.

Predict the standard cell potential and calculate the standard reaction Gibbs free energy for galvanic cells...

Predict the standard cell potential and calculate the standard reaction Gibbs free energy for galvanic cells having the following cell reactions: a) 3 Zn(s) +2Bi^3+(aq)--> 3 Zn^2+(aq) + 2Bi(s) b) 2 H2(g) + O2(g)--> 2 H2O(l) in acidic solution c)2 H2(g) +O2(g)--> 2 H2O(l) in basic solution d) 3 Au+(aq) --> 2 Au(s) + Au^3+ (aq)

What is the potential of a galvanic cell made up of Cd/Cd2+ and Ag/Ag+ half-cells at...

What is the potential of a galvanic cell made up of Cd/Cd2+ and Ag/Ag+ half-cells at 25

Determine the cell potential and the equilibrium concentrations of the following concentration cell. Assume both cells...

Determine the cell potential and the equilibrium concentrations of the following concentration cell. Assume both cells have the same volume. Please see Concentration Cell for assistance. Cu | Cu2+ (0.013 M) || Cu2+ (2.3 M) | Cu E V anode M cathode M

The cytokinesis that occurs during the normal cell cycle of somatic cells in animals Group of...

The cytokinesis that occurs during the normal cell cycle of somatic cells in animals Group of answer choices A. involves the formation of a contractile ring composed of actin and myosin. B. involves the formation of a cell plate that divides the parental cell’s cytoplasm in two. C. ends with the production of two haploid daughter cells. A and C B and C

how does diffusion, migration, and convention affect the concentration polarization of a redox molecule and current...

how does diffusion, migration, and convention affect the concentration polarization of a redox molecule and current density?

Explain in detail the primary mechanism that determines urine concentration and how urine concentration is regulated...

Explain in detail the primary mechanism that determines urine concentration and how urine concentration is regulated (ok to ignore the role of aldosterone). Be sure to include: (1) a description of the mechanism that allows concentrated urine to be produced, including the structures involved, and the specific roles they have in the mechanism. (2) Describe the primary hormone that determines urine concentration, and the negative feedback system regulates its secretion (include all components). (3) Lastly, describe two scenarios, one when...

Animal cells generally have a higher concentration of Na+ outside of the cell than inside the...

Animal cells generally have a higher concentration of Na+ outside of the cell than inside the cell and a membrane potential around -70 mV. When an Na+ moves into an animal cell, how does that movement impact the membrane potential? How does that movement impact the Na+ concentration gradient? Explain what an equilibrium potential for an ion is, what the resting membrane potential is, and how they are different.

Question