Non-avian reptiles have ranges of adaptations to make their hearts more efficient than their predecessor chordates....

Non-avian reptiles have ranges of adaptations to make their hearts more efficient than their predecessor chordates.

a) Why do people say that reptiles have a “3.5” chamber heart?

b) How does heart morphology differ between the four major groups of reptiles?

c) How does an average reptile heart differ from the other members of the reptilomorpha?

d) Part of why the heart of reptiles can remain more “basal” is because of their low metabolic need – why is metabolic need so low?

Expert Solution

Question

a. The reptiles are said to have "3.5 chamber heart ". This is because they have two atria and one partially divided ventricles.

b. The 4 major group of reptilians are:

I. Lizard: they have two auricles and one ventricles.

II. Crocodile : they have 4 chamber heart.

III. Turtles: ventricles of the these reptiles are not completely divided into right and left ventricles.

IV. Tuatara: they have most primitive type of reptiles. They have three chamber heart with two auricles that are also not completely divided into right and left atrium.

c. Reptiliomorpha are clade that consist of amniotes and other tetrapods. The Reptiliomorpha have four chamber heart with two articles and two ventricles. On the other hand, reptiles are having 3.5 heart chambers. They have fully divided auricle but imperfectly divided into 2 ventricles.

d. The reptiles have low metabolic rate because due to their small mass and because of their small organ size as compared to mammals.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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