Question

Describe the four factors that may lead to cumulative effects in older adults. Please use APA format and cite your reference(s). Thank you.

Answer 1

The four factors which may lead to cumulative effects in older adults are-:

1. Smoking :

Cumulated former smokers have a larger risk of

having reduced functional ability at age 75 as

compared with non-smokers.

2. Stress

Cumulative stress in turn impacts physical,

mental and behavioural outcomes. Example,

cumulative stress over lifetime increases risk of

hypertension, physical disabilities, pain, other

chronic diseases as well as psychiatric

disorders.

3. Multiple trauma

Adolescents exposed to multiple traumas like

neglect, child abuse etc are more likely to

experience more severe symptoms of PTSD and

depression than those who experience a single

event, with this effect independent of childhood

adversity and everyday stressful life

experiences.

4. Unbalanced diet

Unbalanced diet may cause complications like

osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular

diseases, liver problems, gall stones etc in older

adults.