Question

For this discussion consider everything that you have learned in this chapter, and throughout the course, and discuss what you believe needs to be done to aid development in the non-developed countries around the world. Use sound economic principles in your discussion. You may choose a specific country to make your discussion more accurate.

Answer 1

ANSWER:- Given that

so the helping people to help themselves provides the best long term improvements. So how to create an environment where people can help themselves.

To want to help yourself you want to know that you will be allowed to enjoy the fruits of your efforts.

If your farm can be confiscated by the state, your new business taxed out of existence by the local mayor or your family or a neighbouring village can appropriate your land the willingness to invest effort and money in wider improvements quickly quickly disappears.

• So boosting institutions to ensure things like fair taxation, consistent fair and equitable legal systems and transparent land ownership are critical.
• Education provides more opportunities for people to help themselves. Throughout the developing and developed world the better educated earn more and overall can contribute more to societies productivity. Be this a better understanding of fertilizer application, a better way of making widgets or just an ability to read. So improving education lifts development.
• finally Poor health sucks constantly on people’s ability to help themselves. Good water, sanitation, vaccination programs and other primary health care actions greatly increase the time and energy people have to help themselves.

hence that Improving infrastructure is a critical part of moving up the development scale. Be it better roads to transport goods, internet communication or electricity. Then there is no point in planting a crop of watermelons if they will all be ruined by poor roads before they get to market.

Capital is required to do most of these things. Certainly for infrastructure, but also for the individual and company enterprises that will be the source of sustained growth. Often less capital is required than traditional western thinking implies, for instance micro solar solutions can make a huge difference and can be financed with micro finance. It doesn’t build roads, but it can make a sustained difference.

The challenge is that all these things need to be done with some sort of balance. The developing world is littered with white elephant infrastructure projects that failed because the institutions, health and education systems required to support them were not there.

And if the rate of progress is too slow or the benefits spread to unevenly, civil unrest will destroy what progress there was.

We have known these things for many years and while the last 20 years has seen extreme poverty diminish at an unprecedented rate, there is still plenty of room for improvement, so how do we as average citizens provide help? Having watched many projects here in Samoa and in Nepal my suggestions are:

• Work in your own area of expertise, and it’s as needed in commerce and finance as it is in tax, medicine or education.Ensure ownership and continuance when you leave. Whether you are building a 500mw power station or a one man bicycle cart assembly shop, make sure that whoever will run it has a real incentive to make it work. Often this will be about them having literally bought into the enterprise, with real personal financial loss if it fails;
• (according to given question hence this iss final answer.)