Question

Sepsis

List each type of sepsis, identify causes of each, list prevention techniques, and compare and contrast each type.

Answer 1

SEPSIS

Sepsis is a life threatening complication of the infection. Sepsis occurs when the immune response to bacterial infection that gets into the blood. It often leads to organ failure or injury.

TYPES OF SEPSIS:

1) LUNG SEPSIS( Pneumonia)

2) GASTROINTESTINAL SEPSIS( Abdominal infection)

3) URINARY TRACT SEPSIS( Kidney infection)

4) BLOODSTREAM SEPSIS( Septicemia)

CAUSES OF SEPSIS:

There is no separate causes for the sepsis. Any infection leads to sepsis if it is untreated. The infectious agent passes through the blood and causes sepsis in any parts of the body.

BACTERIAL INFECTIONS: common bacterial causes of sepsis are E.coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus, Neisseria.

FUNGAL INFECTIONS: Candida species are the some of the fungus causing infection and leads to the sepsis.

OLD AGED PEOPLE: Old aged people are prone to sepsis because of the less immune response. They also fall sick frequently and infection spreads easily. Sepsis mostly occurs in the hospitals.

DRUG RESISTENT BACTERIA: Some bacteria are resistent to the antibiotics. In such conditions infection cannot be treated and it leads to sepsis. EXAMPLE: Methicillin resistent staphylococcus aureus.

WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM: People who are too young or too old are at risk. weak immune system does not respond to infections immediately, in such situations sepsis occurs.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR SEPSIS:

1) TAKING VACCINATIONS: Taking vaccinations produces antibodies that fights with the infectious agents. some of the vaccines are for chicken pox, tetanus, polio.

2) PRACTICE GOOD HYGIENE: Washing hands with soap and water for atleast 15 seconds or using hand sanitizer kills the microorganims in the hand. Hand should be washed before and after eating meal, after using rest rooms, after coughing,sneezing and after contact with pets.

3) PROPER CARE OF WOUNDS: Any cuts or break in the skin allows bacteria to enter into the body. To prevent these wounds should be cleaned quickly. The wound should be kept clean and covered with sterile, dry bandages from the outside environment.

4) SAFE WATER AND SANITATION: Clean drinking water prevents from certain infections. good personal and environmental hygiene should be maintained.

5) TREATMENT FOR INFECTIONS: Antibiotics are used to treat the infections. By treating the infections in the body sepsis can be prevented.

6) EATING PROBIOTICS: Probioics are good bacteria which helps to fight with infectious bacteria. Getting enough probiotics helps prevent and treat sepsis.

COMPARE AND CONTRAST OF EACH TYPE OF SEPSIS:

LUNG SEPSIS:

1) Pneumonia is an infection in the lungs. Pneumonia is caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses.

2) It is an hospital accqiured infection.

3) Fever, cough, muscle pain, sweating, chest pain are symtoms of pneumonia sepsis.

4) Bacterial pneumonia is treated with antibiotics.

URINARY TRACT SEPSIS:

1) Urinary tract infections causes urosepsis. It mostly affects women and mens in ICU units

2) symptoms of urosepsis arre fever, pain in the lower back, nausea, vomiting, decreased urine output.

3) Treatment for URINARY TRACT SEPSIS is antibiotics. Intravenous fluids, medications, oxygen, and other supportive measures are taken.

4) It is mostly occurs in after admitting in hospitals.

BLOOD STREAM SEPSIS;

1) Blood stream sepsis also called blood poisoning. it is life treatening and spread to various parts of the body.

2) symptoms of blood sepsis are low blood pressure, dizzines, confusion, fever, dehydration, joint pains.

3) This is also treated with antibiotics through iv fluids. supportive measures also taken.

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