Question

Write a essay on obesity disease?

Answer 1

Q1) Obesity is a medical condition, in which excess body fat gets deposited in different parts of body and puts negative impact on body or health of a person, usually a person is considered obese when his/ her body mass index or( BMI ) is above 30 ,( it is the person's body weight divided by his square of height). It is a chronic and progressive disease, it requires proper sustainable treatment strategies or planning to get cured.

Excess body weight increases the risk of other related diseases and conditions like cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, Type-II Diabetes, cancer, osteoarthritis, asthma etc. Obesity is declared by the American medical association as a disease in 2013, it clears the stigma that obesity is caused only by excess eating or sedentary life style, they are one of the cause but other related causes are also linked to it. This gives it the title of a disease, by considering it as a disease the insurance and treatment options for this disease increases, and it helps in increasing the cure rate in patients.

Causes of obesity:-

Obesity usually occurs due to excess intake of food and less mobility or physical work, many times they also get inherited from parents.

Obesity due to genetics is caused by leptin deficiency. Leptin is a hormone produced in fat cells and in the placenta, it controls the body weight by signalling brain to eat less when there is high storage of fat in body. If due to some reason body cannot produce enough leptin or leptin cannot signal the brain to eat less, the control is lost, and obesity occurs.

Intake of certain medicines like antidepressants, High blood pressure medicines, some diabetes medicines, certain hormones in oral contraceptives like corticosteroids, certain diseases like hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome etc., also causes obesity.

Psychological factors like boredom, sadness, stress also causes obesity.

At certain stages also women gains weight leading to obesity like during pregnancy and at the time of Menopause due to certain hormones.

Obesity control:-

Successful obesity control requires proper identification of the root cause of weight gain, as the reason of obesity varies from patient to patient, and their response to the mode of treatment also differs. To achieve most the patient should focus on sustainable behavioural changes rather than just targeting to reduce the weight in numbers, the goals should be achievable and realistic By changing the diet and doing exercise obesity can be reduced or prevented.

According to a study obesity due to genetic inheritance can also be reduced by regular physical exercise, it can reduce the impact of the disease causing genes.

Treatments of obesity:-

Change in diet, physical exercise, behavioural changes, intake of weight loss medicines like orlistat, lorcaserin, phentermine etc., and by Bariatric surgeries.

If there is extreme obesity that is if BMI is more than 40 than, weight loss surgeries or bariatric surgeries are done to reduce the body weight. Weight-loss surgery limits the amount of food a person can comfortably eat or it decreases the absorption of food. They reduce the body weight but certain risks are also associated with them.

As obesity is caused not only by intake of improper diet and sedentary life style but also by various other reasons like genetic inheritance, disturbances in the hormone level in body like leptin, and corticosteroid, and also due to other causes, it is considered as a disease.