Question

Describe the following methods of grafting and budding with drawings:

1. Cleft graft

2. Whip-and-tongue graft

       c.  T-budding

       d.  Chip budding

Answer 1

a. cleft graft - This technique of grafting allows the union of a rootstock limb which is much larger in size than the scuon piece. It is conducted in late winter when bith the rootstock and the scion are in a dormant condition.

b.whip-and-tongue grafting.- The whip and tongue graft is a form of detached scion grafting . The scuon is cut with the help of a sharp grafting knife using a single motion.After the first cut , another second reverse cut is made three-quaters of the way into the first cut to form the tongue.

If its done successfully then it can line up a large amount of cambium from the scion and rootstock. It also forms a strong graft.

c.T-budding -T budding is also known as shield budding , which is a process of changing varities of fruit trees. It is mostly used in fruit tree propagation, it can also be used for many other kinds of nursery stock. An extremly sharp knife known as budding knife is required.

T-budding is most common type where a T shaped slit is made in the stock plant ,and the knife is flexed from side to side in the lower slit to loosen up the bark.

The diagram above depicts various steps of T-budding.

d.Chip budding is a grafting technique where the chip of the wood containing a bud is cut out of scion with desirable properties. A simmilar shape chip is cut out of the rootstock, and the scion bud is placed in the cut in such a manner where the cambium layers match completly. The new bud is fixed in place using grafting tape.

The diagram above shows the steps in chip budding.