Question

1. Active range of motion is:

Select one:

a. increasing ROM at the joints moved

b. for strengthening muscles

c. performed under supervision of the PT/PTA to ensure correct performance

d. the best for maintaining joint motion

2. An example of a capsular end feel is:

Select one:

a. scapular protraction

b. shoulder external rotation

c. elbow extension

d. ankle dorsiflexion

3. When positioning a patient in prone, placing the arms alongside the head may result in decreased circulation to the arms.

Select one:

True

False

Answer 1

1. Ans : a

The goal of these exercises is to gently increase range of motion while decreasing pain, swelling, and stiffness. There are three types of range of motion exercises: ... Active Range of Motion (or AROM) - Patient performs the exercise to move the joint without any assistance to the muscles surrounding the joint.

2. Ans : c

Normal end feels (physiological)
The normal end feels are generally described as
Hard: Type of "Bone-to-Bone" stiff sensation that is painless. An example elbow extension
Soft: There is a yielding compression (mushy feel) that stops further movement or gradual increase in resistance as muscle, skin and subcutaneous tissues are compressed between the body parts. Examples are elbow and knee flexion, which movement stopped by compression of the soft tissues, primarily the muscles[2]
Firm: There is a hard or firm (springy) type of movement with a slight give.Toward the end of ROM,there is a feeling of springy or elastic resistance. Tissue stretch is the most common type of normal end feel; it is found when the capsule and ligaments are the primary restraints to movement. Examples are lateral rotation of the shoulder,and knee and metacarpophalangeal joint extension.

3. Ans : false

Prone Position

Commonly used during surgery requiring access to the posterior fossa of the skull, posterior spine, buttocks or perirectal area, or lower extremities with patient lying on his or her front with head, neck, and spine maintained in neutral position; patient is turned from supine to prone while maintaining neutral position of the head, neck, and spine

• Risk of dislodgement of monitors and tubes can be minimized by disconnecting as many monitors, lines, and catheters as possible prior to turning the patient; temporary disconnection of the ventilator from endotracheal tube prevents dislodgement
• Many commercially available headrests and pillows are designed to support the forehead and malar regions with openings for the eyes, nose, and chin preventing external pressure on these structures; special caution must be taken to avoid undue pressure on the eyes as perioperative vision loss is an avoidable complication of the prone position
• Respiratory changes result in alveolar recruitment and increased oxygenation without affecting cardiac output and, therefore, is a useful maneuver in severely hypoxemic patients in early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)