Question

disciss the creation of each type of onservational study in the comtext of assessing the association between physical activity and weight loss

case control, cross sectional and ecological

Answer 1

CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY: A cross-sectional study also known as a cross-sectional analysis, transverse study, prevalence study. It is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in time—that is, cross-sectional data. It is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in time—that is, cross-sectional data.

In the context of association between physical activity and weight loss :

* CONSIDER A TARGET POPULATION OF OBESE PEOPLE.

* DIVIDE THE GROUP INTO EXPOSED AND NON EXPOSED POPULATION WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.

* AFTER THE PERIOD OF TIME THE EXPOSED GROUP WILL HAVE SOME POPULATION WITH OUTCOME THAT IS WEIGHT LOSS AND SOME WILL HAVE NO OUTCOME THAT IS NO WEIGHT LOSS.

* SIMILARLY, IN THE NON EXPOSED GROUP WILL HAVE SOME POPULATION WITH OUTCOME THAT IS WEIGHT LOSS AND WITH NO OUTCOME THAT IS NO WIEGHT LOSS.

CASE CONTROL: A study that compares patients who have a disease or outcome of interest (cases) with patients who do not have the disease or outcome (controls), and looks back retrospectively to compare how frequently the exposure to a risk factor is present in each group to determine the relationship between the risk factor and the disease.

In context with the association of physical activity and weight loss:

* Divide a target population into CASES AND CONTROL group that is the cases group will be obese group and control group will have healthy people means who have outcome who lose the weight.

* As we have said that we will look back and in retrospectively to know about how the physical activity affect each group to know about its association.

ECOLOGICAL STUDY: Ecological studies are studies of risk-modifying factors on health or other outcomes based on populations defined either geographically or temporally. Both risk-modifying factors and outcomes are averaged for the populations in each geographical or temporal unit and then compared using standard statistical methods.

In context with association of physical activity and weight loss:

* There is also Link between physical activity and weight loss have been studied using both geographical and temporal ecological studies.

* It was observed that people with physical activity are more able to loss weight where as people with no physical activity, sedentary lifestyle are not able to loss the weight.

PHYSICAL ACITIVITY is now considered an important risk-modifying factor for WEIGHT LOSS