Question

QUESTION 2

1. Compare and contrast the theories of grief (Kubler-Ross’s, Engel’s and Bowlby’s)

2. State the signs of impending death.                                                                                                                   

Answer 1

The biggest similarity in Kubler-Ross’s, Engel’s and Bowlby’s models is that all the three models categorizes grief in 4-5 stages. All the model states that the cycle of grief always start with a disbelief or denial and ends up in acceptance and recovery. All the three models also emphasizes on how tough the whole cycle is for the person.

The contrast in the stages of Kubler-Ross’s, Engel’s and Bowlby’s models are described below -

Kubler-Ross’s Model

- Denial which refers to the disbelief of the person regarding the loss that they have faced

- Anger on all the people involved like the healthcare team, doctors, friends, family or even God

- Bargaining refers to a very tough situation when a person try to ask the God to reverse the cycle and change the fate of the person just once. People also ask God to spare the life of the loved one for few more days

- Depression occurs when the person become extremely upset about the loss of their loved once

- Acceptance is the stage where the person starts accepting the fact that death is an inevitable part of human life

Bowlby’s Model

- In the first phase, the person experiences total numbness and denies the loss they have experienced

- In the second phase, the person experiences intense longing for the lost one and disaproves the permanence of loss

- In the third phase, the person experiences mental unstability, disorganization and hopelessness. It becomes very difficult for them to carry on with their day to day activity

- In the forth phase, the person starts collecting themself and reintegrate the sense to get back to their normal life

Engel’s Model

- Shock (Where the person has absolutely no idea about how to react to this situation. Either they deny the fact that they have lost their loved ones or they become numb)

- Developing awareness (The person start accepting the loss followed by feelings of emotional break-down, helplessness, frustation and anger)

- Restitution ( The person try to recover from the pain by getting involved in the after rituals like funeral, family gatherings and other ritual ceremonies)

- Resolution of the loss (The person becomes obsessed with the loss and think about it day and night making it difficult for themselves to live their usual life)

- Recovery (With time, apparently the obsession comes to an end and the individual moves on with their daily life)