Question

The Electron Transport System consists of a series of enzyme complexes that are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE of mitochondria or the electron transport chain?

	a.	Tissues that run aerobic metabolism are enriched in mitochondria.
	b.	Glycolysis, the first stage of carbohydrate breakdown, occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
	c.	Coenzyme Q10 is a critical electron carrier imbedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
	d.	The Electron Transport System is the final step in the production of ATP.

Answer 1

Mitochondria is the energy currency of the cell and also called the powerhouse of the cell. As the number of the mitochondria increases the more will be the production of the ATP because aerobic metabolism requires more amount of oxygen to carry out different functions where oxygen is the final electron acceptor thus the first option is correct.

Electron transport chain occurs in the mitochondria of the cell where there are different complex helps in the transfer of the electrons. Coenzyme Q10 helps majorly in the immune system and acts as the major electron transfer where it transfers an electron from Complex I to the Complex II and prevents the formation of the superoxide that acts as a poison for the electron transport chain. Hence this option is also correct.

During the electron transport chain, there is a release of the proton ion from the conversion of NADH and FADH2 that accumulates in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria and due to which electrochemical potential gradient occurs and the proton ions come to the matrix where it helps in the conversion of the ADP to ATP by the help of the ATP synthase. This is the final step of ATP production. Hence this option is also correct.

Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration that helps in the breakdown of the glucose molecule and converts it into pyruvic acid. But it does not take place in the mitochondria of the Cell. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. Hence it is incorrect.

So, the answer to this question is option B