The Hubble Space Telescope orbits the Earth every 95 minutes,
taking breathtaking images of our universe....
The Hubble Space Telescope orbits the Earth every 95 minutes,
taking breathtaking images of our universe. Calculate its altitude
above the Earth’s Surface.
Can the Hubble Space Telescope (2.4 m diameter) or the
largest optical telescope on Earth
(the Keck Telescope in Hawaii with 10 m diameter) observe manmade
items left on the moon
(e.g. the flag ~ 1.25 m long and lunar rover ~ 3 m long)? Show your
work. If not, calculate the
smallest size each telescope can resolve on the Moon and the
minimum telescope aperture
size required to resolve these objects.
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is an Earth-orbiting telescope
whose primary mirror has a diameter of 2.4 metres.
a) What is the best possible angular resolution (in arc-seconds)
that the HST can achieve when observing visible light (wavelengths
between 400 nm and 700 nm)? Which colour of visible light can be
best resolved?
b) Jupiter’s four largest moons (the Galilean Moons) are about
the same size as Earth’s Moon and are as close as about 628 million
kilometres (6.28 ×...
The primary optical element of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
is 3.2 m in diameter and has a focal length of 62 m. (Treat it as a
simple, single lens for this homework) The telescope is aimed at
Jupiter and the collected light is focused onto a sensitive Charge
Coupled Device (CCD) detector, similar to what is in a digital
camera. Each pixel in the detector is a 21 μm x 21 μm square, and
the full CCD is 4096...
(a) The Hubble Space Telescope is in a nearly circular orbit,
approximately 610 km (380 mi) above the surface of the Earth.
Estimate its orbital period from the generalized version of
Kepler’s third law.
(b) Communications and weather satellites are often placed in
geosynchronous orbits. A geosynchronous orbit is an orbit about the
Earth with orbital period P exactly equal to one sidereal day. A
special kind of geosynchronous orbit is when the satellite has an
inclination of 0˝ from...
(a) Keck-I has a 10m diameter mirror. HST (Hubble Space
Telescope) has a 2.4m mirror.
What is the ratio of the light gathering power of Keck-I to the
light-gathering power of HST?
[Compute the ratio (light gathering power of Keck)/(light
gathering power of HST) and express as a decimal. Do not use
scientific notation.]
(b) What is the ratio of the angular resolution limit of Keck to
the angular resolution limit of HST? (Assume they are both
observing at the...
A 960-kg satellite orbits the Earth at a constant altitude of
95-km.
(a) How much energy must be added to the system to move the
satellite into a circular orbit with altitude 193 km?
(b) What is the change in the system's kinetic energy?
(c) What is the change in the system's potential energy?
The Earth orbits the Sun once every year at a distance of 1 AU.
What would the semimajor axis (orbital distance from the Sun) need
to be for another planet to have an orbital period of exactly two
years (i.e., an orbital period twice as long as Earth’s)?
The Earth orbits the Sun once every year at a distance of 1 AU.
What would the semimajor axis (orbital distance from the Sun) need
to be for another planet to have an orbital period of exactly two
years (i.e., an orbital period twice as long as Earth’s)? Using
Keplers Third Law
Use the information below to answer parts a–b. The International
Space Station (ISS) orbits the Earth at an altitude (distance above
the surface of the Earth) of 408 km, conducting various experiments
in a “weightless” environment.
a) Recall: the centripetal force is equal to the net inward
force on an object. Consider the other force(s) acting on the ISS
and write an equation relating its force(s). Air resistance is
negligible.
b) Determine the speed that a rocket carrying supplies for...