In: Finance
Are high-profile principal-agent conflicts increasing or decreasing in frequency? Why do you believe this? Why is corporate governance increasingly important in corporate finance? Why may independent directors be especially important to achieving investors' objectives?
The principal agent problem occurs when the agent starts to work
on behalf of the principal. This leads to moral hazard and also may
lead to conflict of interest.
The fact that high-profile principal - agent conflicts are
increasing is seen in corporate and day to day lives also.
Politicians serve as agents of voters (principal) but then they act
on behalf of voters. However the politicians may not always act in
the best interest of the principal thus leading to principal-agent
conflict.
Principal - agent conflict is inherent as the agent selected may
start to pursue his-her own goal and put aside the real interest of
the principal. This may arise out due to a number of factors but
primarily it may be due to greed and short term gains.
Corporate governance standards are increasingly important so that
this problem is avoided. This is particularly important in
corporate finance where certain high level decisions should be
taken by the principal (CEO/MD) of the business and not left to the
agent so as to avoid principal - agent conflict.
Independent directors would help in notifying biases and self
interest motives of the agent if any. They would work as an
unbiased source from which to seek help in case the principal is
biased in favor of the agent. The principal may also get convinced
by the agent. Independent directors step in to show the mirror to
the principal to make him see the truth to avoid moral hazard and
conflict of interest.