In: Biology
Explain similarities and differences between animal viruses and bacteriphages, also use HIV as an example of its similarities and differences in replication.
stage | bacteriophages(bacteria infecting viruses) | Animal viruses |
attachment and entry |
tail fibres attach to cell wall through protein and then it injects the viral nucleic acid into the bacteria | attaches via surface glycoproteins to plasma membrane receptors on host cell surface eg CD45 in HIV, virus entry is through membrane fusion of endocytosis etc. |
uncoating | protein coat remain outside thus not required | enzymatic degradation |
biosynthesis |
in bacterial cytoplasm no such specific enzyme requires for making RNA |
in nucleus (DNA viruses) and in cytoplasm (RNA viruses) some viruses like HIV requires reverse transcriptase system for making RNA. |
chronic infection | lysogeny | latency, slow infections like HIV which takes 10-12 years in most cases to generate symptoms in some case, usually longer incubation period. |
release | lysis of host cell | budding in enveloped viruses, non enveloped viruses rupture plasma membrane. |